648 Spraying Fruit Trees and Bushes. [feb., 



Pears. 



Insects. — Sawfly slugvvorm, aphis, pear midge (doubtful), and 

 most of the insect pests common to the apple. 



Fungi. — Leaf blight, leaf blister, rust, scab, and brown rot. 



Cherries. 



Insects. — Sawfly slugvvorm, aphis, and leaf-eating caterpillars 

 generally. 



Fungi.- — Leaf blight, rust, powdery mildew, and leaf spot. 



Gooseberries. 

 Insects. — Scale, sawfly, and leaf-eaters generally. 

 Fungi. — Leaf spot and mildew. 



Currants. 



Insects, — Scale, currant shoot and fruit moth, currant clear- 

 wing moth, aphis, sawfly, and other leaf-eaters. 

 Fungus. — Leaf spot. 



It will be understood that the term " insects " is not strictly 

 applied, but is used for the animal pests generally ; also that it 

 is the larvae of the insects to which reference is intended in 

 most instances. It is not necessary to name all the leaf-eating 

 caterpillars, which are very numerous. 



There is one difficulty in using poisonous spray in mixed 

 plantations of top and bottom fruit. No fruit should be 

 sprayed with Paris green after it is more than half grown. 

 In America apples are sprayed with this poison nearly up to 

 the time of picking, and it is stated that no harm has been 

 proved to have resulted. There must be some danger, however, 

 in dry seasons in spraying nearly mature fruit' with poison. 

 It is easy to avoid this risk when any individual fruit alone 

 is in question ; but the question is whether gooseberries or 

 currants, and particularly the former, if grown among apple 

 or plum trees, might not be too far advanced when the last of 

 the sprayings recommended had to be applied. In that case, 

 as some of the spray would be certain to fall upon them, 

 there would be some danger to consumers, and it would be 

 necessary to omit the Paris green. Or, where there are goose- 

 berries, the last spraying of apples or plums with poison, to kill 

 leaf-eating caterpillars, might be done before the foliage was 

 quite fully expanded, leaving a fifth spraying, without Paris 



