386 



United States Woollen Industry. 



well as a considerable quantity of animal hair and shoddy. 

 The fibre recovered from woollen, worsted, or mixed rags 

 is known under the generic name of " shoddy," and is sub- 

 divided into shoddy, mungo, flocks, and wool extract, according 

 to the material used and process of manufacture employed. It 

 is used principally in the production of low-grade satinets and 

 other heavy cotton-warp goods ; the poorer qualities are used in 

 backings for overcoatings and cloakings and to give weight and 

 substance to various kinds of woollen goods. It is also used to 

 some extent in the production of merino yarns for hosiery 

 manufacture. The quantities of scoured wool, cotton, shoddy, 

 and animal hair actually used in the woollen manufacture, 

 exclusive of the hosiery and knit goods manufacture, in 1880, 

 1890, and 1900 are shown in the following table : — 





1900. 



1890. 



1880. 



Lb. 



Lb. 



Lb. 



Scoured wool 



Camel's hair and mohair ... 

 Cotton and cotton yarn ... "... 

 Shoddy 



Animal hair not specified 



238,632,000 

 5,584-000 

 98,633,000 

 71,497,000 

 29,085,000 



198,174,000 

 9,411,000 

 94,372,000 

 56,826,000 

 16,852,000 



j 167,634,000 

 58.482,000 

 ^ 56,971,000 



Total 



443,431,000 



375,635,000 



283,087,000 



The percentage of scoured wool, including camel's hair and 

 mohair, to other fibres used in all branches of the wool manu- 

 facture was 59-2, 55*3, and 55-1 in 1880, 1890, and 1900 

 respectively. Cotton, which includes the cotton yarn used, 

 comprised 207 per cent, in 1880, 25-1 per cent, in 1890, and 

 22*2 per cent, in 1900 of the consumption ; while the proportion 

 of shoddy and animal hair used was 20'l per cent, in 1880, 19*6 

 in 1890, and 227 in 1900. 



The average cost per lb. of scoured wool consumed in the 

 wool manufacture in 1900 was is. yd., as compared with is. 1 id. 

 in 1890 and 2s. 4d. in 1880. The most expensive wools were 

 bought by the worsted mill owners, the average price paid by 

 them in 1900 being is. 9d. per lb., while the cheapest wools were 

 sold to carpet manufacturers at an average price of 1 id. per lb. 



