1906.] Forestry at Nurnberg Exhibition. 



339 



FORESTRY IN THE EXHIBITION AT 

 NURNBERG. 



During the present summer and autumn a most interesting 

 exhibition of Bavarian industries has been held at Nurnberg, 

 and in a country possessing six and a half miUion acres of forest 

 (nearly one-third of the total land area), it was only natural to 

 expect that Forestry would occupy an important section. In 

 point of fact the forestal display, both in its industrial and 

 educational aspects, is regarded as the finest that has ever been 

 attempted. A few notes on certain special points may not be 

 without interest to English readers. 



Of the 6i million acres of Bavarian forest land, the State 

 owns about millions, private individuals about 3 millions, 

 while villages, towns, and endowed institutions possess about 

 I million. 



Although Bavaria possesses such a wealth of wood, there are 

 few countries where more attention is given to methods of 

 preservation by means of impregnation. In Great Britain 

 impregnation by creosote is by far the commonest practice, 

 whereas in Bavaria, and in Germany generally, a mixture of 

 creosote and chloride of zinc is most commonly employed, next 

 follows chloride of zinc alone, and then comes creosote. The 

 comparatively subordinate position occupied by creosote in 

 Germany is not due to lack of appreciation of its merits, but is 

 entirely a question of expense. In this country, with 8bundance 

 of coal, creosote, a bye-product, is cheap ; in Germany, and 

 especially in Bavaria, where coal is relatively scarce, creosote 

 is dear, and more attention is given to other impregnating 

 substances. 



The different systems or methods of impregnation are 

 classified as follows : — 



Impregnation by Ascent, where posts or poles in a green state 

 are set with their lower ends in a tank of the solution. As the 

 sap of the wood is withdrawn from the top by natural evapora- 

 tion, the solution enters below and rises in the cells and vessels, 

 and in a short time (depending on the kind of wood) will appear 

 at the upper surface. 



Impregnation by Imbibition takes place where wood is 



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