296 Insect, Fungous and other Pests, [august, 



diseased leaves, and also spores lying on the ground. As the 

 disease usually appears first on the under surface of the leaves, 

 and from thence passes to the fruit, the foliage should be 

 thoroughly dusted with a mixture of two parts of flowers of 

 sulphur and one part of lime. A first dusting should be 

 applied just as the leaves are expanding, and a second dusting 

 just before the flowers open. (S^e Journal, November, 1906, 

 p. 498). 



Diseased Thistles. — From Malvern the Board received 

 specimens of diseased thistles, which were infested with the 

 rust Puccinia suaveoleus, Rostr. This rust is confined to 

 thistles, which, however, it unfortunately does not kill. The 

 mycelium of the fungus hybernates in the root-stock of the 

 thistle, and a root-stock so infested means that the plant is 

 thereafter always diseased but not killed. 



Other fungi identified were Sclerotium disease (see Leaflet 

 No. 127) on tomatoes from Belmont (Ayr) ; European Goose- 

 berry Mildew (Leaflet No. 52) from Maidstone ; Potato 

 Disease, Phytophthora infestans (Leaflet No. 23), from Chep- 

 stow and Hayward's Heath ; Apple Canker, Nectria ditissima 

 (Leaflet No. 56) from Plymouth, Shrewsbury and Dolton 

 (N. Devon) ; Peach Leaf-Curl, Exoascus deformans (Leaflet 

 No. 120), and Brown Rot of Fruit, Sclerotinia fructigina 

 (Leaflet No. 86) from Briningham (Norfolk) ; Coral Spot 

 Disease (Leaflet No. 115) from Barnstaple ; Silver Leaf (see 

 Journal, July, 1907, p. 221) from Tunbridge Wells ; and 

 Onion Mildew, Peronospora schleideni (Leaflet No. 178) from 

 Micheldever. 



" Fairy Rings." — A Doncaster correspondent enquires how 

 " Fairy Rings " may be destroyed on grass land. It may 

 be remarked that in Dr. Gilbert's experience Fairy Rings 

 grow chiefly on impoverished soil. Infested grass land there- 

 fore which is at all poor in character should be liberally 

 manured, and when the grasses have become more vigorous 

 the Fairy Rings will probably disappear. In the case of 

 lawns and special grass plots 1 ton of slaked lime might be 

 applied in winter, 3 to 4 cwt. of superphosphate, 3 cwt. kainit, 

 and \ cwt. nitrate of soda in early spring, and 1 to 2 cwt. 

 superphosphate and 1 cwt. nitrate of soda in late spring — 

 all per acre. For pastures 4 cwt. superphosphate and 2 cwt. 



