353 



Apple-tree Mildew. 



[SEPT., 



any such in the immediate neighbourhood are infected they 

 should be removed. In spring it would be wise to syringe 

 plants that have been previously attacked with a solution of 

 2 oz. of sulphate of copper (bluestone) in 3 gallons of water. 

 This should be done before the buds expand, care being taken 

 to wet every part of the plant. The soil about the plants may, 

 with advantage, be sprayed with the same solution. Spraying 

 with dilute Bordeaux mixture will check the disease in its 

 early stage, but efforts should be concentrated on preventive 

 measures. 



Other Specimens. — A number of other specimens infested 

 with fungi or otherwise damaged included : Onions infested 

 with Sclerotinia bulborum, Wak. (Leaflet No. 127), from Stoke- 

 under-Ham, Somerset ; potatoes infested with the potato 

 disease, Phytophthora infestans (Leaflet No. 23), from Welshpool 

 and Bristol ; potatoes attacked by Black Scab, Oedomyces 

 leproides, Trabut (Leaflet No 105), from Stockport ; gooseberry 

 bushes affected with European Gooseberry Mildew, Micro- 

 sphaera grossularice , Lev. (Leaflet No. 52), from Norwich and 

 Ross-on-Wye ; gooseberry bushes infected with American Goose- 

 berry Mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae, (Leaflet No. 195), from 

 the borders of Warwickshire, about eight miles from Evesham ; 

 peach affected with Peach Leaf Curl (Leaflet No. 120), from 

 Farnborough ; and apple twigs showing Brown Rot, Sclerotinia 

 fructigena, Pers. (Leaflet No. 86), from Preston. From Preston 

 also came pear twigs which were killed by excess of wet and 

 cold, no parasitic fungus being present. Finally, specimens 

 oiGesneria zebrina were injured by what is known as " scorch," 

 caused by the direct rays of the sun falling on the leaves when 

 damp. This trouble in glasshouses is often easily obviated by 

 better ventilation, especially early in the day. 



This disease, [Sphaerotheca mali, Magnus), a close ally of the 

 hop mildew, gooseberry mildew, and rose mildew, is very 

 prevalent, and is one of those pests likely 

 Apple-tree Mildew, to accompany apple trees to every part 

 of the globe, as the mycelium is said to 

 tide over the winter in the bark or between the bud scales, 

 and thus escape detection. 



