i'908.] 



Insurance of Live Stock. 



43 



Company (Skandinaviska Kreaturforsakringsbolaget) does by 

 far the largest business throughout the country, and a summary 

 of its rules and methods will illustrate the principles on which 

 such insurance is carried out. 



The Scandinavian association is founded on the basis of the 

 mutual responsibility of all its members. Every individual 

 insured becomes a member. There are several different forms 

 of insurance : — 



I. Simple Insurance : — (i) For horses and cattle, providing payment for 

 the full value insured. (2) For foals or the foetus of insured brood mares : 

 (a) For a foal which dies or has to be killed within two months of its birth 

 (after two months the foal must be insured independently) ; (b) for the foetus 

 which is lost after the third month of gestation by abortion or impediment 

 in parturition. In case of twins or multiple births, compensation is only 

 paid as for one and no compensation if any one survives. If a brood mare 

 has miscarried after two consecutive periods of gestation the company does 

 not pay compensation on account of any further miscarriages by the same 

 animal. The compensation is 10 per cent, of the value for which the mother 

 is assured. 



II. Combined Insurance. — For horses and cattle and their young on 

 similar conditions. Under this head a reduced scale is provided, not ex- 

 ceeding half the value insured for, in the case of animals whose working 

 or breeding capacity is diminished by sickness or accident, but which are still 

 serviceable. 



III. Collective Insurance against loss of cattle (or insurance " en masse " 

 — Masskadeforscihring), which provides compensation to the value insured 

 in the case of animals which die or have to be killed in consequence of certain 

 diseases specified in the policy. 



IV. Insurance against contagious diseases and loss of milk : — Compensa- 

 tion is being paid under this head : {a) For cattle which die of any one of the 

 diseases which the insurance contemplates. (2) For milk from the day on 

 which the outbreak of an epidemic is established as long as the farm is 

 declared infected. (3) For loss occasioned by deficiency of pasture. (4) For 

 straw fodder which is damaged by disinfection, or has to be destroyed as a 

 precautionary measure. (5) For disinfecting materials which the policv- 

 holder is obliged to provide. 



The insurance of cattle must include all the bulls, cows and 

 calves on the farm, but oxen may be insured separately. 

 Valuable bulls can be separately valued and insured. The in- 

 surance valuation of young horses is progressively raised 

 between the first and fourth year. After the age of 10 years 

 for carthorses and of 12 years for other horses the valuation is 

 reduced by 10 per cent, every year until they reach 20 years, 

 when the insurance terminates. The insurance valuation of 

 individual cattle is reduced by 15 per cent, yearly after they 

 have passed the age of eight years. 



