1908.] 



Actinomycosis. 



33^ 



are seriously affected by spring frosts, so that by adopting this, 

 method the grower is fairly certain of an income from some 

 portion of his plantation. 



The cost of stocking land with bush apples planted 15 ft. 

 apart is about £10 an acre, including cultivation, purchase of 

 trees and planting, and for gooseberries or currants planted 

 between the rows at 5 ft. apart £21, making a total of £31 per 

 acre. 



Market Gardening. — There is practically no market gardening 

 carried on in the county, beyond that on allotments in the- 

 neighbourhood of the towns, and a little potato growing in 

 the south, though there is plenty of land suited for it. 



Prospects for Holders. — The agricultural conditions of the 

 county, and especially of the small holdings, suggest that 

 there is a fair prospect of success for an increased number of 

 small grass holdings occupied by farm labourers or others with, 

 regular employment or with skilled occasional occupation, and 

 also for holdings devoted mainly to fruit culture, provided 

 the tenants have a sound practical knowledge of the work 

 and sufficient capital for the proper stocking and management 

 of the acreage they undertake. 



ACTINOMYCOSIS. 



This disease is met with in most parts of Great Britain, 

 under such local names as wooden tongue, wens, lumpy jaw, 

 big head, &c. In this country cattle are principally attacked,, 

 but it may also occur in pigs, sheep, horses and man. 



Actinomycosis runs a chronic course and is characterised 

 by the formation of tumours in various parts of the animal 

 body. These tumours interfere with the functions of the 

 organs in which they are situated and usually burst or 

 ulcerate. If untreated the animal steadily wastes, especially 

 if the tongue is affected, and it eventually dies. 



Cause. — The disease is caused by the entrance into the 

 animal and the propagation in its tissues of the actinomyces.. 

 This is a fungus which grows on grasses and most cereals, 

 particularly on barley. It flourishes luxuriantly on damp 

 rich soils. Injuries to the skin and to the mucous membranes 



