1908.] 



Insect, Fungus, and other Pests. 



435 



below the plants or in the rough bark of the raspberry canes. 

 Many of the pupae, therefore, may be destroyed by burning 

 prunings and old canes in the winter, and by deeply burying the 

 surface soil. 



Other cases of beetle infestation occurred in swedes from 

 Chester, which were attacked by the grubs of the Turnip Gall 

 weevil (Journal, June, 1908, p. 201) ; and in peas from Notting- 

 ham, damaged by the larvae of the Pea Beetle (Leaflet No. 150). 

 Specimens of the " Death Watch " beetle, Anobium domesticum 

 (Journal, September, 1907, p. 352), were received from Man- 

 chester ; grubs of the garden chafer, Phyllopertha horticola, 

 (Leaflet No. 25) from Limerick ; the Pigmy Mangold Beetle 

 (Journal, July, 1908, p. 274) from Westbury and Liskeard ; 

 larder beetles, Dermestes lardarius (Journal, June, 1907, p. 160), 

 from Darlington ; and Otiorrhynchus weevils on currants from 

 Norwich (see Leaflet No. 2). 



Flies. — Lime twigs from Nairn were infested by the larvae 

 of one of the gall midges (Cecidomyia), the midge in question 

 giving rise to little galls, in which the maggots live, pupation 

 also taking place in the gall. Shoots that are attacked should 

 be removed and burnt. Chrysanthemums from Tooting were 

 infested with the maggots of the fly Phytomyza geniculate/, 

 (Journal, December, 1907, p. 556). As a deterrent to egg-laying 

 a spray composed of 1 oz. bitter aloes, 2 oz. soft soap and 

 6 gallons of water should be used. Other pests were the 

 cabbage root fly, Phorbia brassiccz (Leaflet No. 122), from 

 Kidderminster, Runcorn, Dover and Chester ; mangold fly 

 (Leaflet No. 5) from Salisbury and Brightstone (Isle of Wight) ; 

 celery fly (Leaflet No. 35) from Nottingham ; frit fly (Leaflet 

 No. 202) from Chichester and Newcastle-on-Tyne ; pear midge 

 (Leaflet No. 53) from York and Great Chesterford (Essex). 



Sawflies, &c. — Leaves of willow from Portree were found 

 to be galled by the larvae of Nematus gallicola, Steph. The 

 galls are very common on Salix alba and 5. fragilis, and are 

 popularly known as bean galls. Other pests were Pear Sawfly 

 (see Leaflet No, 62) from Aberystwyth ; and Apple Sawfly 

 (Leaflet No. 205), from Barnet and Wisbech. 



Aphides, &c. — Aphis on Lettuce Roots. — Specimens of lettuces 

 from Stroud were found to have their roots smothered with 

 aphides of a dirty greenish yellow colour, covered with a white 1 



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