tgio.] Bordeaux Mixture, 805 



over and through the tree and deposit itself uniformly over 

 the leaves, a "Bordeaux nozzle" at the end of a rod of 

 sufficient length must be used. 



The best nozzles, in my experience, for putting on Bor- 

 deaux mixture are the " Vermorel " and its modifications of 

 French, American, and English make (see Figs. 7, 8, 9) ; the 

 "Mistry " and "Mistry Junior" (of American make) (see Figs. 

 10, 11, 12), and the "Spramotor" nozzle (of Canadian make) 

 (see Fig. 13). All these nozzles are now obtainable, for a 

 small sum, in this country. (For description see p. 809.) 



To consider now spraying machines, — the three most 

 important qualifications for the spraying machine to possess 

 are as follows: (1) the machine and its chief working parts 

 must be made of material which the sprays used will not affect 

 chemically ; (2) the pump must be powerful enough to main- 

 tain a pressure sufficient for the particular nozzle used; (3) 

 the build of the machine must be suitable for use in the 

 particular plantations or orchards to be sprayed. With 

 regard to the first point, if machines with galvanised iron 

 tanks are used when spraying with Bordeaux mixture, they 

 must be carefully washed out after use, since this mixture 

 after it has stood for a time will affect galvanized iron. A 

 narrow built-up tank of wood, or a barrel on wheels (where 

 the width is not objectionable) is preferable, not only for the 

 reason stated, but because a wooden (or copper) receptacle 

 becomes essential when any spraying is done with the winter- 

 wash of copper sulphate solution. All the working parts of 

 the pump should be of bronze or gun metal. The machine 

 must be fitted with an agitator. 



I have seen excellent spraying done on a commercial scale 

 in plantations of bush apples (with currants or gooseberries 

 planted between) by a gang of men using Eclair knapsack 

 sprayers. Some experienced fruit-growers consider that the 

 work can be done quickly and cheaply by this method, while 

 there is no danger of damage being done to the low branches 

 of the trees or to the interplanted bushes, such as may happen 

 when a spraying machine on wheels is dragged through a 

 plantation. An East Kent fruit-grower, who has sprayed 

 a considerable acreage of apples with Bordeaux mixture each 

 season for several years past, informs me that, using knap- 



