i9io.] 



Bordeaux Mixture. 



809 



by men standing either on the ground or in a van or waggon, 

 orchards of tall cherry trees affected with "Brown Rot" or 

 "Cherry-leaf Scorch," or of tall apple or pear trees affected 

 with "Scab," can be easily and very thoroughly sprayed. 

 The cost of the pump is £j. 



Another machine for use in orchards has a barrel holding 

 60 gallons, and a double-acting pump worked by two men. 

 The pump costs about £11; the whole outfit, with two 

 30-ft. lengths leading into four 15-ft. lengths of hose, with 

 four extension rods and sets of nozzles, costs about £24. 



Another method is to have a powerful pump (mounted on 

 a carriage on wheels) placed on the headland of a planta- 

 tion or among the trees in an orchard, and to carry hose from 

 this to the trees. The suction pipe of the pump draws the 

 Bordeaux mixture from a trough or tub, or from a water- 

 cart, placed by its side. I have seen a large acreage of apple 

 orchards sprayed very easily and efficiently in this manner. 

 The best type of pump is a double-barrel lift-and-force pump, 

 worked by two men who are guided in keeping up the 

 necessary pressure by reading from the pressure gauge. The 

 cost of such a pump is from ^"14 to £20. A main delivery 

 pipe is laid from the pump through a part of the plantation 

 or orchard, and cross-piece connections with delivery pipes 

 are laid to right and left at regular distances, so that a com- 

 plete block or section of the trees is sprayed before moving 

 the pump to the next point. Three hundred yards or more 

 of hose can be laid down, and six or eight men can spray 

 from it. With such a plant, however, it is doubtful if a pump 

 worked by hand-power is, in the long run, so economical as 

 a power-driven machine. There are now various types of 

 oil-, petrol-, and steam-driven engines specially constructed 

 for spraying work, and various methods of laying down pipes 

 or hose; these, however, cannot be treated of in this article.* 



DESCRIPTION OF FIGS. 7 TO 13. 

 Fig. 7. — " Vermorel " nozzle (French make), with disgorger (shown pushed up in 

 example to right, where the cap is removed). The caps have small holes 

 (bevelled at the edge from the outside) of three different sizes. The nozzle can 

 be adjusted by the screw to spray in any direction. 



* A collection of spraying machinery (including knapsack sprayers), as well as of 

 the various types of nozzles, is kept at Wye College, Kent, and can be seen at any 

 time by appointment 



