1905.] Goat Moth and Wood Leopard Moth. 117 



chestnut, does not lay so much in it as in other trees, but its 

 caterpillar-galleries have been found several times in the very- 

 young branches of this tree, the tunnelled twigs hanging down 

 broken by the wind. 



In the case of this moth, the caterpillars are not found many 

 together in an attacked stem, but generally singly. The 

 presence of the caterpillar may be betrayed by its copious out- 

 throw of frass and wood-coloured excrement. The moth is 

 frequently found in the Metropolitan districts, and sometimes 

 causes considerable destruction to trees and shrubs in the public 

 parks and private gardens of the Metropolis. 



jjgV ' f 



The Wood Leopard Moth. — Figure showing young caterpillar, well-grown 

 caterpillar pupa case, moth at rest and a larval gallery. 



Description. — The moth, which is named " Leopard," on 

 account of its spotted wings, measures between two and three 

 inches in expanse of wings in the case of the female, the males 

 being smaller. The fore wings are white, with a number of black 

 or blue-black spots. The hind wings are similarly marked, but 

 the spots are fainter. The thorax is white, with six large dark 

 spots arranged in pairs and a smaller one between the hindmost 

 pair. 



The full-grown caterpillar may measure two inches. It is 

 white or yellow-white in colour with black spots ; the head is 

 dark, the joint behind the head has a black shield or plate, and 

 a black plate is also present on the last segment. 



The pupa is brown and may by found at first just below the 

 place of exit, and later, empty from the emergence of the moth, 

 the case may — till the weather destroys or displaces it — be seen 

 projecting from the tunnel in the infested tree. 



Life History. — The moths lay their eggs singly on stem and 

 branches in late June or July, and the caterpillar on hatching 



