302 



Concentrated Feeding-stuffs. [July, 



the past year or two entered somewhat extensively into farm 

 economy as a feeding stuff, large quantities being imported 

 from Manchuria. According to a number of analyses, the 

 beans contain some 35J to 41 per cent, of albuminoids, 2i\ 

 to 27 per cent, of carbohydrates, and 15J to 18 per cent, of 

 oil. The oil is extracted by pressure, and the residue forms 

 the cake or cake-meal used for cattle feeding. This cake 

 usually contains 41 to 45 per cent, of albuminoids, 25 per 

 cent, and upwards of carbohydrates, and 6 to 8 per cent, of 

 oil. Some of the cake and cake-meal which is being sold 

 has had the oil extracted from it by means of a solvent instead 

 of by pressure. In such cases only ij to i\ per cent, of oil 

 remains, and the proportions of albuminoids and carbo- 

 hydrates are correspondingly higher. 



Soy bean cake may be regarded as a useful feeding-stuff 

 when given to stock in suitable quantities and in combination 

 with other foods. It approaches decorticated cotton cake in 

 composition, and should be fed in the same way as that cake 

 with starchy foods, roots, hay, and straw. A further necessity 

 for caution in its use arises from the alleged purgative 

 tendency of the soy bean oil. 



Rape Cake, — This cake is not now much used as a feeding 

 stuff in this country, the objection to it being the frequent 

 presence of mustard seed, and the disagreeable flavour that it 

 imparts to milk. It is, however, a highly nutritious food rich 

 in albuminoids, and, if care be bestowed in its purchase, it 

 can be advantageously given to stock, especially sheep, as the 

 experience of several successful farmers testifies. 



Cocoanut Cake. — This cake represents the residue left after 

 pressing out the oil from the fruit-kernel of the cocoanut palm. 

 It is used far more extensively on the Continent than in 

 Britain, and is by many highly esteemed for milking cows. 

 When fresh it has a pleasant nutty aroma, but soon turns 

 rancid or acid. It has a hardening tendency upon the milk- 

 fat. It contains a considerable proportion of crude fibre 

 (usually 12 to 14 per cent.), but this is fairly easily digested, j 



Compound or Mixed Cake. — The use of cake of this descrip- j 

 tion is apparently on the increase, at least in certain districts. 

 Frequently some material, like ground linseed or cotton cake, 

 is taken as a basis, and the bulk is made up of ground cereal 



