igi i.] Summary of Agricultural Experiments. 335 



The amounts of these substances were determined in foods fed to 160 

 dual purpose cows. 



Foods were fed representing three different quantities of starch 

 equivalent, viz., I2"6 lb., 14*3 to 14*4 lb., and 15*6 lb. per 1,000 lb. live 

 weight per day. The small quantity of 12*6 lb. proved insufficient 

 either for obtaining the greatest milk production possible or for causing 

 any appreciable increase In live weight. A milk production of about 

 31 lb. to 35 lb. per cow per day, however, resulted from feeding at the 

 rate of 14*3 to 14*4 lb. of starch equivalent to 1,000 lb. live weight, and 

 at the same time the animals became ready for the butcher. Foods 

 containing i5'6 lb. per 1,000 lb. live weight were accompanied by a milk 

 yield of 44 lb. to 46 lb. per cow per day, but the cost of such foods make 

 this quantity unprofitable. 



Five different quantities of albuminoids were fed (the starch equivalent 

 remaining constant) : — 2*1 to 2*2 lb., 2*5 to 2*7 lb., 3*0 to 3*2 lb., 3*5 to 

 3'6 lb., and 4*2 lb. per 1,000 lb. live weight per day. With regard to 

 milk production, at least 2*5 lb. of albuminoids were found to be necessary, 

 but a greater milk production resulted from the use of 3 to 3*2 lb. 

 albuminoids. Whether it is more profitable to use this quantity than the 

 lower amount will depend upon the prices of the foods. No remarkable 

 increase in the milk yield from the use of 3*5 to 4*2 lb. albuminoids was 

 obtained, and Dr. Hansen does not recommend these large amounts. 

 The percentage fat content of the milk remained the same, whatever 

 quantity of albuminoids was fed. The different quantities of albuminoids, 

 therefore, had the same effect on the total amount of fat as on the 

 milk yield. 



For combined fattening and large milk production, large quantities 

 of albuminoids were shown to be unnecessary. The most profitable quan- 

 tity is 2'5 lb. to 27 lb. per 1,000 lb. live weight per day; a small quantity, 

 say, 2*1 lb. to 2*2 lb., is insufficient. Contrary to expectation, the 

 greatest increase in live weight was made when the animals were giving 

 their greatest milk yield ; the increase in live weight became less as the 

 end of the period of lactation approached. 



Effect of Palm Nut Cake on MiBk Production (Mitteilungen der Deut. 

 Landw. Gesell., April 15th, 191 1). — Experiments on the Continent with 

 regard to the effect of palm nut cake on milk production have, in the 

 past, given very contradictory results, and a thorough investigation 

 has therefore recently been made by Professor Kellner with a view to 

 obtaining definite conclusions on the subject. 



A very extensive series of experiments was organised, trials being 

 carried out at nine of the most important experiment stations in Ger- 

 many; and as a rule a different breed of animal was tested at each 

 station. At each trial 20 cows were used, all in the first six months 

 of the period of lactation, and these were fed for 30 days on a mixture 

 of earth nut meal and crushed maize, for 30 days on palm nut cake and 

 meal, with the same content of digestible albuminoids and carbo- 

 hydrates as the earth nut meal and maize, and then for 30 days again on 

 earth nut meal and crushed maize. In addition, foods containing suffi- 

 cient albuminoids and carbohydrates were fed during all three periods, 

 the content of the foods in each of these substances being kept at the 

 same level throughout. 



The effects of the foods varied at different stations and between 



