430 



HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 



Rome by Appius Claudius. Supposed to have 

 been introduced to Britain towards the end of 

 the seventeenth century ; ripens on a stone wall 

 at Drurnlanrig Castle and elsewhere in Scotland. 



Lady apple, black. — Differs from the former 

 only in colour, which is nearly black; hence 

 the synonym, A pi noir. Cultivated on account 

 of its extraordinary colour, contrasting oddly with 

 the last. Tree hardy, slender in growth; ripens 

 at Drummond Castle and other parts of Scotland. 



Siberian crab, scarlet. — Colour scarlet, over a 

 clear yellow ground; form regular, somewhat 

 flattened at the ends; size about three-fourths 

 of an inch in diameter; stalk about 2 inches long, 

 very slender ; tree very hardy, and an abundant 

 bearer. Highly ornamental when planted in 

 shrubberies, &c. Fit for preserving in Septem- 

 ber and October. Its fruit, when ripe, has at a 

 little distance much the appearance of cherries. 



Siberian crab, yellow. — Very similar to the 

 last in all respects excepting in colour. Fit for 

 use in September and October. 



Siberian crab, large scarlet. — Fruit about 

 double the size of the two former ; colour paler 

 red on a yellow ground. Fit for use in Septem- 

 ber. The Siberian crabs are much esteemed 

 for preserving and for making jelly. ' No garden 

 should be without them. 



The Norfolk beafin is largely cultivated for 

 drying and confectionary purposes; it is, how- 

 ever, noticed elsewhere. 



SELECT LISTS OF APPLES FOR PECULIAR 

 LOCALITIES. 



Apples of fine quality suited to a cold northern 

 climate in America. — " Fameuse, Canada Rein- 

 ette, Pomme de Neige, Rhode Island greening, 

 Boston russet, Porter, Baldwin, Swaar, Red As- 

 trachan, Ladies' sweeting, Northern spy, Golden 

 ball." — Fruits and Fruit-Trees of America. This 

 list affords some data as to the hardiness of 

 some of the best American sorts. 



Apples of excellent quality for a small garden 

 in Britain, where twelve trees are only required, 

 the climate being moderately good. — Keswick 

 codlin, Hawthornden, Ribston pippin, Blen- 

 heim pippin, King of pippins, Strumer pip- 

 pin, Downton nonpareil, Reinette du Canada, 

 Waltham Abbey seedling, Herefordshire pear- 

 main, Bedfordshire foundling, Wormsley pippin. 



A similar list of twelve sorts, where the climate is 

 bad or indifferent. — Keswick codlin, Paradise 

 pippin, Tower of Glammis, Oslin pippin, Red 

 Astrachan, Cockpit, Coul Blush, Cambusnethan 

 pippin, Manx codlin, Melrose, Spice apple, 

 Annat seedling. 



List of apples on walls at Dalkeith. — American 

 Newtown pippin, Court-pendu Plat, Scarlet non- 

 pareil, Court of Wick, Hughes' golden pippin, 

 Kirk's golden pippin, Nonpareil old, Nonpareil 

 (Braddick's), Nonpareil Downton, Golden pippin 

 old, Reinette du Canada, Reinette Grisse, Martin 

 nonpareil, Flat nonpareil. 



List of apples at Dalkeith on dwarf standards, 

 chiefly on paradise stocks, that have fruited in the 

 new gardens, and seem suitable to the locality. — 

 Alexander, Alfreston, Ashmead's kernel, Astra- 

 chan white, Astrachan red, Beachamwell, Beauty 

 of Kent, Brabant belle fleur, Blenheim pippin, 



Cambusnethan pippin, Cellini, Cobham, Cockpit, 

 Keswick codlin, Cockle pippin, Manx codlin, 

 Cornish aromatic, Court of Wick, Scarlet Crof- 

 ton, White Crofton, Devonshire Quarrenden, 

 Doonside, Duchess of Oldenburg, Dumelow's 

 seedling, Dutch mignonne, Early harvest, Elton 

 pippin, Fearn's pippin, Golden Harvey, Golden 

 noble, Hawthornden (soon cankers in our light 

 soil), Hollandbury, Hunthouse, Yellow Ingestrie, 

 Kentish pippin, Kerry pippin, King of pippins, 

 Lemon pippin, Margil, Nonsuch, Northern 

 greening, Oslin, Paradise pippin, Claygate pear- 

 main, Lamb Abbey pearmain, Scarlet pearmain, 

 Golden reinette, Golden russet, Royal russet (has 

 died of canker), Skyehouse russet, Rymer, Sam 

 Young, Waltham Abbey seedling, Wormsley 

 pippin, Ribston pippin, seldom attaining its full 

 size, Wy kin pippin, Thorl pippin, Summer golden 

 pippin, Downton pippin, Early nonpareil, York- 

 shire greening, Red Ingestrie, Court-pendu Plat, 

 Kentish fill-basket, Adam's pearmain, Braddick's 

 nonpareil, Scarlet nonpareil, Hughes' golden 

 pippin, Ross nonpareil, Royal pearmain, Pile's 

 russet, Scarlet golden pippin, Summer pear- 

 main, Sweeney nonpareil. 



Select list of apples suitable to the north of Scot- 

 land, and other cold and exposed climates. — Haw- 

 thornden, Yorkshire greening, Tower of Glam- 

 mis, Oslin, Red Margaret, Keswick codlin, 

 Devonshire Quarrenden, Nonsuch, Winter 

 strawberry, Winter greening, Coul blush, Carlisle 

 codlin, Grey Leadington, Gogar pippin, Kerry 

 pippin, Summer Leadington, Summer straw- 

 berry, Summer queening. It must, however, 

 be taken into consideration, that latitude alone 

 does not prevent the ripening of many other 

 finer fruits. Altitude and shelter have also 

 much to do in the case ; and hence along the 

 coast, where protected from the sea spray and 

 boisterous winds, there are many situations in 

 Argyllshire, Aberdeenshire, &c, where the 

 apples of the south of England will ripen in full 

 perfection. The misfortune is, they have in 

 few instances been tried. There appears to be a 

 sort of stereotyped feeling amongst fruit-growers 

 too generally to rest content with those sorts 

 that have been grown in their locality for ages, 

 the majority of which, compared with many of 

 far more recent date, are nearly as useless as 

 the uncultivated crab ; and acres are allowed to 

 be cumbered with trees whose fruit is not half 

 as valuable as the pasture would be under their 

 branches. In many gardens the walls are 

 covered, the quarters shaded, and the crops 

 ruined, by trees long past the age of profitable 

 production, and of sorts now considered by the 

 best pomologists of the day absolutely worth- 

 less. Were fruit trees an expensive article to 

 purchase, some excuse might be found for this ; 

 but when we consider that trees of the finest 

 kinds in cultivation can be purchased for one 

 shilling a-piece, this excuse ceases to hold good. 



Without allowing what may be supposed a 

 spirit of nationality to influence our reason, we 

 must state that many of the districts north of 

 the Forth or the Tay are better adapted for the 

 cultivation of the finer kinds of apples than a 

 great extent of the Border counties on both 

 sides of the " marches." Peaches and apricots 



