THE SHRUBBERY. 



793 



glumacea, magnifica, repens ; Magnolia, all the 

 hardy species of the genus ; Morus alba ; Mac- 

 lura aurantiaca, in warm situations; Mitraria 

 coccinea ; Myrica Californica latifolia ; Nuttalia 

 cerasiformis ; Olea europea, and fragrans in 

 warm situations; Ononis natrix, tribracteata ; 

 Pavia Californica ; Paliurus aculeatus ; Per- 

 nettya mucronata, speciosa ; Pseonia moutan, 

 all its varieties; Philadelphus grandiflorus, 

 Gordonianus, coronarius no. pleno, fol. varie- 

 gata; Photinia arbutifolia, serrulata, glabra; 

 Phillyrea latifolia, angustifolia, buxifolia, media, 

 obliqua ; Phlomis fruticosa ; Planera crinata ; 

 Potentilla floribunda, fruticosa ; Prinos glabrus, 

 lavigatus, lanceolatus, prunifolius, fruticosus; 

 Purshia tridentata ; Rhamnus Californicus, Ala- 

 ternus, balericus, latifolius, laurifolius, Rhodo- 

 thamnus Kamtschaticus ; Rhus Cotinus, elegans, 

 vernix, toxicodendron, copallma; Rubus coro- 

 narius fiore pleno, bellidifiorus, and others as 

 hardy rambling climbers ; Ribes sanguinea flore 

 pleno, flore alba, aurea, speciosa, and others ; 

 Robinia hispida, pseudo-acacia, rosea, viscosa ; 

 Solanum crispum ; Spiraea Blumiana, Douglassii, 

 prunifolia pleno, Lindleyana, lancifolia, callosa, 

 sinensis, arisefolia, Reevesiana, pubescens, bella ; 

 Skimmia japonica ; Syringa Emodi, Josiksea, 

 Notyce, persica, siberica, and several interesting 

 varieties of vulgaris; Santolina viridis, cham- 

 secyparissus, squarrosa ; Shepherdia argentea, 

 canadensis; Spartium juncum flo. pleno, multi- 

 florum fio. pleno, flo. rosea, scoparium flo. 

 pleno ; Tamarix gallica, germanica; Ulex europea 

 flo. pleno, nanus ; Viburnum Opulus flo. pleno, 

 japonicum, Tinus and its varieties, ovalifolium, 

 grandiflorum, macrocephalum, plicatum, suspen- 

 sum ; Virgillea lutea ; Weigela rosea, amabilis, 

 Middendorffiana ; Yucca, all the genus. 



SELECT LIST OF SHRUBS TO BE PLANTED AS 

 SINGLE SPECIMENS ON LAWNS. 



Aucuba japonica, latimaculata ; Benthamia 

 fragifera ; Berberis, most of the genus ; Buxus 

 balerica : Ceanothus, most of the genus in warm 

 situations ; Cistus, most of the genus in warm 

 sheltered situations ; Colletia ferox, spinosa ; 

 Comptonia asplenifolia ; Cotoneaster, most of 

 the genus ; Cytisus, most of the genus; Daphne, 

 most of the genus ; Deutzia, all the genus; 

 Dirca palustris; Ephedra altissima, distachya, 

 monostachya ; Escallonia, most of the genus in 

 warm situations; Fabiana imbricata; Fontanesia 

 phillyneoides ; Genista, most of the genus ; 

 Hydrangea, all the genus in moderately warm 

 places ; Laurus nobilis, regalis, sassafras ; Lig- 

 ustrum japonicum ; Mahonia, all the genus ; 

 Magnolia, all the genus in moderately warm 

 places; Pseonia moutan, and its varieties ; Paliu- 

 rus aculeatus ; Phillyrsea, all the genus; Phlomis 

 fruticosus ; Prinos, all the genus ; Rhamnus 

 alaternus, balearicus, and its varieties ; Santo- 

 lina chamsecyparissus ; Shepherdia argentea ; 

 Spartium, all the species and varieties ; Spirtea 

 arisefolia, bella, Lindleyana ; Syringa, all the 

 species and varieties; Ulex europeus, flo. pleno 

 nanus ; Viburnum tinus, and its varieties ; 

 Weigela rosea ; Yucca, all the genus. 



Half-hardy plants considered in relation to 



climate and situation. — The vast additions made 

 during late years to our gardens from all parts 

 of the world, have rendered it almost impossible 

 to find protection for them under glass. Nor is 

 this in all cases necessary, as we find many of 

 the trees and plants from India, China, Austra- 

 lia, &c., sufficiently hardy in many situations to 

 withstand the rigour of our ordinary winters, 

 even when planted in the open air, and many 

 others will do so with very slight protection. 

 The situations in which these succeed best are 

 those within two hundred feet of the sea -level, 

 although some do so at a greater altitude ; but 

 in all cases it is a necessary condition that the 

 soil be either dry naturally, or rendered so by 

 artificial means. 



Situations best adapted for half-hardy trees and 

 shrubs. — Many are led away with the erroneous 

 notion, that because a plant or tree comes from 

 China, Japan, or Australia, it must needs be 

 placed against a wall, in the most sheltered and 

 sunny spot the garden affords. Than this no- 

 thing can be more erroneous, at least as regards 

 most of the plants from the former countries. 

 They flower with us too early in the spring ; 

 and when excited by the warmth which these 

 situations possess during March and April, this 

 evil is increased. Many of them, therefore, are 

 found to thrive better when planted in a north- 

 ern exposure, and many more upon a western 

 one. No doubt a southern exposure is of all 

 the most favourable for ripening the wood and 

 flower-buds, and this is in all cases a most im- 

 portant point to be secured ; for unless the sap 

 be maturely elaborated, the trees can neither 

 be expected to survive our winters nor to gratify 

 us with their flowers. For herbaceous plants 

 and bulbs, and all such as die down to the ground 

 annually, no situation can be too warm in this 

 climate ; and hence so many of these natives of 

 the south of Europe, the Cape of Good Hope, 

 and various parts of Australia, continue in our 

 warm borders for years. They have another 

 advantage, also, over trees and shrubs : the 

 vegetable volume is smaller in them, the sap has 

 a much less distance to travel, and it is not im- 

 probable that from their structure it is supplied 

 in greater quantity and in less time than in 

 woody plants ; so that the operation of develop- 

 ment for the present season, and the elaboration 

 of the sap for the succeeding one, are both 

 effected in less time. 



Exotics planted against a warm south wall 

 should be retarded in spring as a means of se- 

 curing them against the effects of late spring- 

 frosts ; and this would be best effected by rearing 

 in front of them, about 2 feet distant, a port- 

 able wall of boarding, set perpendicular, and 

 having a covering of the same material as a 

 roof, constructed so that it could be readily 

 opened and shut. The object of this protection 

 is to prevent the vernal sun from shining on the 

 trees, and so as it were placing them nearly in 

 the same condition as if planted against a north- 

 ern wall. The roof being at all times open, un- 

 less during the most intense frosts, would admit 

 sufficient light and air to them while yet in their 

 dormant state. Were the walls upon which 

 such trees are trained heated by hot- water pipes, 



