844 Improvement of Indian Wheats for Export, [jan., 



Three items of importance, viz., manures, cakes, and agri- 

 cultural machinery, are included in the table, though they 

 are not agricultural products. In the case of manures, 

 805,359 tons were sent from these shores, representing a value 

 of ,£5,496,030; about one-third of this, viz., 291,883 tons, was 

 sulphate of ammonia, while the balance was made up of 

 159,353 tons of superphosphate, 195,950 tons of basic slag, 

 and 158,173 tons of other kinds of artificial manures. 



As regards oil-seed cake, a substantial increase occurred in 

 1910, but this was not maintained in 191 1, when the exports 

 dropped nearly to the figure of 1909. 



Perhaps the most interesting item in the export trade, from 

 an agricultural point of view, is that which shows the sales 

 of breeding animals to the Colonies and foreign countries. 

 In the table on p. 843 the particulars are given for the past 

 two years. 



The export of cattle showed a marked decrease, owing to 

 the drop in the exports to the United States. The export of 

 sheep was also very much smaller, the decrease in the number 

 sent to Canada and the United States being responsible for 

 this. Horses, however, represent the largest item in this 

 export trade, and the total value in the past year is the largest 

 yet recorded. 



In a former issue of the Journal (May, 191 1, p. 133), 

 mention was made of the work being done at Pusa with the 

 object of improving Indian wheats. 

 Improvement of Bulletin 22 of the Indian Agricultural 

 Indian Wheats for Research Institute, Pusa, gives an 

 Export. account of the further progress that has 



been made in that direction. The re- 

 searches of the authors — Mr. and Mrs. Albert Howard — have 

 shown that there exist in India types of wheat nearly as 

 suitable for milling and baking purposes as the well-known 

 Manitoba Hard, which, on an average, is worth, in the home 

 market, about five shillings a quarter more than the best 

 British wheats. The superiority of the Canadian wheat lies 

 in its "strength" — a technical term which means that it 

 produces larger and more shapely loaves than other 

 varieties. 



