io6 Injury to Foliage by Bordeaux Mixture, [may, 



the most part, by weather conditions; as damage in some 

 seasons, not in others ; in some localities and not in others ; 

 some report dry seasons as favouring injury, others wet; 

 some trees of a variety are injured more than others; the 

 injury is sometimes most severe on the fruit and sometimes 

 on the foliage; the fruit alone of some varieties is immune 

 and of others, the foliage; the injury may appear in a few 

 days or may not show for several weeks after spraying. 

 Some varieties of apples are injured much less than others 

 by Bordeaux mixture, and there is a wide range in this 

 matter." 



The practical suggestions given in this Bulletin to fruit- 

 growers how to avoid the injury are as follows : (i) In spraying 

 use less copper sulphate, give the 3-3-50 formula* for Bor- 

 deaux mixture a thorough trial. Spray in moderation; spray 

 to cover the foliage and fruit with a thin film and yet not 

 have the trees drip heavily. So far as possible the Bordeaux 

 mixture should be used only in dry weather. Use equal 

 amounts of lime and copper sulphate. (2) Some varieties of 

 apples may be sprayed without much fear of injury. Others 

 must be sprayed with great care. Distinguish between the 

 varieties in spraying operations. (3) Many varieties of apples 

 are nearly immune to attacks of the "scab" fungus. These 

 need comparatively light applications of Bordeaux mixture 

 in the average season. (4) Bordeaux mixture is the best 

 fungicide^ known to the apple-grower. Its use, cannot be 

 given up in fighting the apple u scab," even though it cause 

 some injury; apple scab causes a far greater loss than "Bor- 

 deaux injury." 



It remains now to be considered to what extent these con- 

 clusions apply to apple-growing in this country. In the first 

 place it is quite certain that we find in this country also that 

 certain varieties of apples are susceptible to Bordeaux injury 

 while others are not, although it appears that possibly this 

 susceptibility may vary in different localities. In the season 

 of 1908 I observed a case in the Maidstone district where the 

 fruit of certain varieties which had been sprayed a few weeks 

 after the fruit had set, showed injury in the form of abnor- 

 mally coloured ''blotches " on the skin of the apple, — these 



* Equivalent to 3f lb. copper sulphate, 3?- lb. quicklime, to 50 Imperial gallons. 



