1910.] Forestry Congress at Brussels. 639 



phosphoric acid; the presence of an impermeable pan causes 

 the water to collect into pools in the lower parts in winter, 

 while the climate generally is unfavourable. Scotch pine is 

 the chief species grown — a few plantations only of maritime 

 pine have survived the cold winter of 1890-91. Corsican 

 pine is being used in some of the new plantations. 



The slow-grown coniferous wood of this district is in great 

 demand for pit timber, and the best plantations under a 

 rotation of 40-45 years give a yield of as much as ^56 per 

 acre, though containing at most 2,100 cubic feet quarter girth 

 (6'4<i. per cubic foot). In the forest of Pijnven the following 

 methods of afforestation are being followed : — • 



(a) On the stable dunes : The soil is worked up with the 

 spade in bands 13 inches wide. The bands are 2 feet 2 inches 

 apart. Cost, 13s. per acre. 



(b) On moving dunes : Breaking up of pan where neces- 

 sary. Fixation of the dunes. Cost, 16s. to 255. per acre. 



(c) In the low parts : Drainage and breaking up of the pan 

 with spades. Cost, £4 ys. 6d. per acre. 



(d) On heaths where there is no pan : Ploughing of soil 

 to a depth of 8-10 inches. Cost, £1 per acre. 



(e) On heaths with a shallow pan : Ploughing to a depth 

 of 12-14 inches. Breaking up of sub-soil to a depth of 

 18 inches. Cost, £2 per acre. 



(/) Occasionally where the pan is at a considerable depth 

 it is broken up with the spade only. Cost varies from £3 to 

 £8 per acre. 



Fertilisers. — Application of kainit and phosphates. The 

 whole of the kainit and half the phosphate is applied before 

 the soil is worked, and the rest of the phosphate afterwards. 

 Cost, £1 12s. per acre. 



Lupin. — Part of the land has been afforested without the 

 preliminary use of lupins. Since 1906 lupins have been 

 cultivated for 1-2 years, and then dug into the soil previously 

 to planting trees. 



Plantations: Conifers. — One year seedlings of Pinus syl- 

 vestris with a small proportion of Corsican and Maritime 

 pines are used as a rule, but on the dunes 2 year transplants ; 

 4)5oo plants per acre are used. 



The blanks are filled up with Corsican and Maritime pines. 



