64 THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



Photograph by Helen E. Jacoby 

 NATIVE? STREET TYPES IN SMYRNA 



With the exception of Damascus, Smyrna is the largest city in Turkish Asia. This, the 

 'chief seaport of Anatolia, has a population of more than 200,000, of which fully one-half are 

 Greeks, 60,000 are Turks, 20,000 Jews, 12,000 Armenians, and 15,000 Europeans and Levan- 

 tines. In November, 1914, diplomatic relations between the United States and Turkey were 

 strained for a time, when a Smyrna shore battery fired on a launch from the U. S. S. Ten- 

 nessee, which had been dispatched to European waters to assist American tourists in return- 

 ing home. Turkey's explanation was that the shots were fired not with hostile intent, but to 

 warn the launch that the harbor was mined. 



within the past four centuries, those 

 whose names would be in history's 

 "Who's Who," only 12 have been Turks; 

 all the others were either of Greek or 

 Armenian origin. 



Taking the country as a whole, the per- 



centage of illiteracy is between 80 and 90. 

 The government educational program is 

 very comprehensive, but exists largely on 

 paper. The Turk is able to dream great 

 dreams, but amazingly unable to bring 

 those visions to reality. 



