36 



GENERAL FORMATION, &c, OF GARDENS. 



North-east, 

 North-west, 

 South-east, 

 South-west, 



104 days. 

 40 ~ 

 47 ~ 



174 „ 



Fig. 20. 



According to Dr Meek, in " Stat. Acc. 

 of Scotland," (vol. v.) during seven years' 

 observation, the average is as follows : 

 — S.W., 174 days; N.E., 104; S.E., 47, 

 and N.W., 40 days. It has also been 

 calculated that the prevailing winds in 

 Great Britain are the S.W. and N.E. ; 

 and the same holds good throughout 

 Europe. 



The prevailing winds in Ireland are 

 the west and south-w T est ; a peculiarity 

 easily accounted for from its geographical 

 position. 



Fig. 19. The following 



2I * . diagram, fig. 19, is 



for the year 1842, 

 and fig. 20 for 1843, 

 taken from the me- 

 teorological table 

 kept at Inveresk, 

 county of Mid-Lo- 

 thian, by MrM'Aus- 

 lane, which may be 

 depended on for ac- 

 curacy. We give 

 two years, to show 

 how variable the 

 direction of the 

 winds are; still they 

 indicate to us the 

 points most to be 

 guarded against. 



§ 10. — STYLE. 



From the earliest ages kitchen gardens 

 appear to have been laid out in what may 

 be called the mixed style — that is, having 

 flowers, fruit, and culinary vegetables 

 indiscriminately cultivated together ; and, 

 even at this day, we find this to be the 

 prevailing mode of arrangement. How- 

 ever much we may wish to see these 

 departments distinct, as we think they 

 ought to be still, there are considera- 

 tions of great weight which influence 

 such matters, and often overrule the taste 

 of the artist who may be employed to 

 design them — such, for instance, as the 

 circumstances or wishes of the owner, in 

 combination with the prejudices which 

 attend long confirmed habits. 



How far the mixed style is in good 

 taste, or consistent with the highest degree 

 of good cultivation, is very doubtful. 

 Our opinion is, that in large places 

 all the departments should be distinct 

 from one another, though so connected 

 as to form a complete whole ; unless in 

 cases where it may be deemed expedient 

 to have the fruit and kitchen garden at a 

 distance from the mansion, and the flower 

 garden and shrubbery near to it. It is 

 always in good taste, as well as conve- 

 nient, to have the flower garden near the 

 mansion, whether the place is large or 

 small, and also to have the plant-houses 

 at a reasonable distance from it, so that 

 they may be visited at all seasons with- 

 out difficulty. For example, in the case 

 of a highly architectural mansion, of 

 whatever style, the conservatory may be 

 so placed and arranged as to form a part 

 of the building : the flower garden may 

 surround one, two, or more sides : the 

 shrubbery may connect these with the 

 kitchen and fruit gardens at a moderate 

 distance ; or, if at a great distance, the 

 latter may be reached by walks or drives 

 through the park or plantations. In 

 smaller residences the whole may be 

 brought nearer together, but still be so 

 arranged as that each shall be complete 

 in itself. Even descending to villa resi- 

 dences, the same arrangement may be 

 carried into effect. So far as good culti- 

 vation is concerned, we may observe that 

 we hear much of the damage done to 

 fruit trees by digging about their roots. 

 We believe this evil does very extensively 

 prevail ; and it is impossible that culi- 

 nary vegetables can be cultivated to per- 

 fection if grown under the shade and drip 

 of trees, deprived of fresh air, and excluded 

 from the beneficial effects of sunshine ; 

 while nothing can be in worse taste any- 

 where, save in a cottage garden, than to 

 see beds of flowers in juxtaposition with 

 beds of cabbage and potatoes. 



To illustrate these views, we have en- 

 deavoured to show in some of our present 

 designs this separation of parts. We 

 have stated above that there are circum- 

 stances which lead to an acquiescence in 

 the mixed style, and the following may 

 be given as examples. 



The splendid new kitchen garden at 

 Frogmore is partly of this kind ; for, at 

 the terminations of the principal range of 



