42 



GENERAL FORMATION, &o., OF GARDENS. 



last the rain water from the roof is to 

 descend, and to be conveyed to tanks 

 sunk under the floors. This range is 

 divided into three compartments, to admit 

 of a convenient passage to the grounds 

 and houses behind. Each of these com- 

 partments is again divided into three, 

 and separated by glass partitions, in all 

 respects similar to the front ; so that 

 they may be thrown open, or entirely 

 removed, when desired, throwing the 

 three compartments into one. The 

 glass partitions will, of course, be placed 

 under the valleys above them. The 

 whole of this range, as well as the offices 

 behind it — which are to be of the same 

 height, and roofed upon the same prin- 

 ciple, only covered with corrugated plates 

 of galvanised iron instead of glass — are 

 to stand on a platform or terrace, 3 feet 

 above the general level of the walk in 

 front, to give effect to the glass, which 

 would otherwise be wanting in this re- 

 spect, and also to prevent an unnecessary 

 depth in the cellars behind : this walk 

 is to have a straight parapet wall enclos- 

 ing the houses and the border for the 

 roots of the trees, finished on top with a 

 stone coping 4 inches thick, with a 4- 

 inch projection, with ornamental vases set 

 on pedestals at equal distances. Through 

 this parapet 9-inch fire-clay pipes are 

 inserted, which, passing through the 

 drainage of the border, discharge air 

 amongst the roots of the trees, as well as 

 into the houses, through perpendicular 

 pipes 6 inches in diameter, brought 6 

 inches above the surface, and covered 

 with wire grating — over which are light 

 metallic covers, for the regulation of the 

 quantity of air to be admitted. 



A cast-iron grating footpath, 3 feet 

 broad, passes along the front of each range, 

 close to the glass ; and others, 2 feet in 

 breadth, pass, at convenient distances 

 apart, from the front to the back of all 

 the houses excepting the pine-stoves, 

 whose floors are to be of polished Caith- 

 ness pavement, with cast-iron gratings 

 let into them for the escape of air from 

 the air-drains laid under them. 



The beds for the pines are to be formed 

 of Caithness pavement, the outer sides 

 polished ; while the floors for the plants 

 to stand on are to be of the pavement in 

 its natural state, but closely jointed. On 

 such beds the pine plants may either be 



grown in pots, or planted out in prepared 

 soil. Bottom heat is to be secured by 

 hot-water pipes laid in the cavity under 

 the floor of the beds ; while atmospheric 

 heat is to be obtained by pipes running 

 round the beds a little above the level of 

 their surface. The other houses are to 

 be heated by hot- water pipes placed 1 foot 

 clear of the ground, and made to pass 

 round each house, increasing the number 

 of flow-pipes according to the size of the 

 house or the temperature required. The 

 back wall, separating the hothouses from 

 the offices behind, is to be 2 feet higher than 

 the apex of the ridges. This wall is to be 

 built hollow, and provided with a general 

 smoke flue, into which all the other flues 

 will enter, and discharge the smoke 

 through one tall ornamental chimney- 

 stalk in the centre of the range. This 

 flue should have at least three courses of 

 solid brickwork over it, set in cement, 

 which with a 3-inch coping will keep it 

 perfectly dry. The top ventilation is 

 effected at the ends of the ridges close to 

 the back wall, which are there made double, 

 leaving a space, 9 inches wide and 3 feet 

 in length, open, which is covered with a 

 metallic shutter, moving in a groove on 

 each side, and all connected together by 

 an iron rod placed above, and resting on 

 the ridges ; to which rod an iron arm is 

 attached at its middle, moved backwards 

 and forwards, according to the amount of 

 air required, by a chain passing over a 

 pulley fixed in the back wall, and acted 

 upon by passing over a roller moved by 

 a single cranked handle. 



A range of cellars extends the whole 

 length of the principal range, 14 feet 

 wide, and 7^ high, under which is placed 

 a main drain or sewer, for carrying off all 

 superfluous water from the roofs, drains, 

 cisterns, &c. 



It has been already noticed that the 

 back offices are to be of the same height 

 as the glass-houses in front, and roofed 

 on the ridge-and-furrow principle, covered 

 with corrugated plates of galvanised iron. 

 They are of course to be reduced to an 

 equal height within by lath and plaster 

 ceilings, and to be all provided with ample 

 ventilation through the roof, — a matter 

 too much neglected in garden offices, and 

 especially so in lean-to roofs facing the 

 north. 



It will be observed that a new feature 



