84 



GARDEN WALLS. 



courses solid from the bottom, as in fig. 

 68, or better with a brick-on-edge wall in 



Fig. 68. 



course having alternate vacancies, by 

 leaving out every other brick, as fig. 7 0. 

 — Encyc. of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Ar- 

 chitecture. 



Fig. 70. 



the centre, as in fig. 69. A wall of this 

 construction, with the bricks flat, would 



Fig. 69. 



3 



form one of the very cheapest and best 

 possible for a fruit garden. For a 14- 

 inch wall, bricks might be made of that 

 length ; and for a wall of 2 feet or more 

 in thickness, the interior might be entirely 

 hollow, with cross-walls every 4 or 5 

 feet. To save bricks in the cross walls, 

 and also to admit of the free transmission 

 of heat from one division to another, they 

 might be built in what is called the 

 pigeon-hole manner, viz., each stretching 



The hot-water walls at Woburn Abbey, 

 of which fig. 71 is the plan, deserve espe- 

 cial notice as being one of the best ex- 

 amples exhibited of that mode of heating. 

 They occupy those parts of the north 



Fig. 71. 



wall not covered with glass. " The pipes 

 are introduced along a cavity that com- 

 mences within a few inches of the bottom 

 of the wall, and is continued to the top, 

 but is connected by piers that are carried 

 up about 4 feet apart, which unite the 

 back and front of the wall together, and 

 render it, although hollow, equal to a 

 solid wall in strength : they are also 

 found more economical in the erection, 

 as there is a considerable saving of mate- 

 rials." — Forbes in Hortus Woburnensis. 



We have shown the ground-plan of 

 this hot wall because it is different from 

 those adopted by ourselves, and is in fact 

 a double hollow wall — Mr Atkinson's ob- 

 ject being to prevent the loss of heat by 

 its passing through the north side. 



Hitches patent rebated brick wall is 

 thus described in the "Supplement to 

 the Encyclopaedia of Cottage, Farm, and 

 Villa Architecture:" — "The bricks are 

 much larger than usual, and the walls are 

 said to be stronger, and twenty per cent 



cheaper. Fig. 72 represents a longitudi- 

 nal section of a 9-inch header, and a part 



Fig. 72. 



o 



of one course of 9-inch work. From this 

 it will be seen that the headers and 

 stretchers are rebated together, and form 

 two external faces of brickwork enclosing 

 a hollow space, or series of hollow spaces. 

 Each of the headers has two dowel-holes 

 through it in the direction of its height, 

 and is hollowed out on the under side, as 

 shown in the fig., so that these spaces 

 communicate with one another by means 

 of the dowel-holes throughout the whole 

 extent of the wall. Now, into each of 



