GENERAL PRINCIPLES. 



117 



compensate for the obscuration produced 

 by the greater proportion of sash bars, 

 which, operating chiefly at mid-day, and 

 in very hot weather, is rather an advan- 

 tage than otherwise." 



The plan, sections, and elevation shown 

 on Plate XIII. were made out last year 

 for a nobleman intending to make a new 

 garden ; they have not, however, yet been 

 executed. In the designing of this plan, 

 we were anxious to produce a range of 

 glass upon the curvilinear or span-roofed 

 principle, yet so constructed that the roofs 

 of the forcing-houses might be removable, 

 as shown in figs. 125, 126, 127, with the 

 view at once of obtaining the greatest 

 amount of solar influence, and of produc- 

 ing a range different from anything of 

 the kind hitherto seen. The situation 

 was to be the centre of the garden, and 

 the direction of the houses such that they 

 should have their ends a and b, as shown 

 on ground-plan fig. 1, facing the north 

 and south ; c c lobbies or vestibules for 

 entrance, glazed all round; dd two vineries, 

 one for early and the other for late crops 

 — the vines planted inside, the range 

 being intended for a wet locality ; but as 

 the side walls are to be on piers, the roots 

 may extend outwards if they choose — the 

 vines to be trained over the roof 18 inches 

 distant from the glass ; e early peach- 

 house ; / second peach-house, the trees 

 to be standards grown in tubs and boxes, 

 with the view of being removed, after the 

 fruit is gathered, to the open air, to make 

 way for some of the finest figs, also grown 

 in a portable state ; g house for standard 

 peaches, apricots, and plums, not to be 

 forced, but intended to come in before 

 those on the open walls, — the trees in 

 the latter house to be planted out, three 

 parts of the roof being straight, as shown 

 on fig. 2, so that the two upper sashes 

 may be opened or removed altogether 

 after the wood is ripened ; h h, fig. 1, two 

 pine-stoves, heated with tanks and hot- 

 water pipes, as shown in section fig. 5 — 

 the bottom and sides of the tanks to be 

 of wood, and the top covered with slates. 

 These tanks are supported on piers, as 

 the space under both the pine-stoves is 

 formed into cellars to be entered by the 

 stairs g g, on fig. 4, which is plan of 

 cellars, and a corresponding one at the 

 end of the other pine-stove also. The 

 hot-water pipes in all the houses are to 



run parallel with the side walls, in which 

 ventilators, bb, &c, on figs. 2, 3, and 5, are 

 placed. The doors in the peach-houses, 

 fig. 1, i i, are to be 4 feet wide, to get out 

 the trees with safety and ease. The ven- 

 tilation in all those houses, excepting the 

 centre one, is to be by ventilators in the 

 side walls, shown at b,kc, and by openings 

 in the ridge along its whole length, as 

 shown at a in sections. Fig. 3 is the 

 cross section of the peach-houses and 

 vineries, and fig. 2 is that of the central 

 house, which is arched under for support- 

 ing the border above. The floors of the 

 pine-stoves are of pavement in three 

 breadths of 5\ feet each, the ends which 

 join the side walls being let into them, 

 and their other ends, as well as the middle 

 course, being supported on 10-inch brick 

 piers. The cellars are intended for keep- 

 ing a supply of fuel, to be supplied by 

 the area stairs c on fig. 5. They are 

 lighted and ventilated by area windows 

 a a a, &c, as shown in plan of cellars, fig, 

 4 ; b is the position of the furnace and 

 boiler for south end pine-stove and 

 vinery ; c the same for that of north end 

 ones ; d the same for early peach-house 

 and half of central house ; e that of suc- 

 cession peach-house, and other half of 

 central house. The flues are indicated 

 by the broad dark lines, all of which 

 terminate in the centre chimney /. These 

 flues are all enclosed within an outer flue, 

 to which a supply of cold air is admitted 

 by tubes through the side walls, which, 

 entering into the hot-air flue, drives it 

 out upwards into the hothouses through 

 brass ventilators fixed in the pavement 

 floor ; gg are the stairs already referred to. 



The roofs of the smaller houses are to 

 be of wrought-iron sash-bar, without 

 rafters : the centre one is to have the 

 moving sashes of wood, resting on cast- 

 iron rafters, as they will be much lighter, 

 and better adapted for moving up and 

 down, as well as for being removed, if 

 deemed necessary, after the wood is fully 

 matured. The lower part, however, of 

 this roof to be filled in between the rafters 

 with wrought-iron astragals, and fixed. 

 On figs. 2 and 3, c c is the ground-level. 

 A border, 4 feet wide, surrounds the range 

 on all sides, and also a gravel walk, 7 feet 

 in breadth — beyond which are the kitchen- 

 garden quarters, laid out in the usual 

 manner. All the rain water from the roofs 



