APPENDIX. 



DETAILS OF THE COST OF CONSTRUCTION IN DIFFERENT LOCALITIES, 



TABLES, &c. 



bricklayers' work. 



In England, brickwork is calculated by the 

 rod of 30 square yards and 2 feet, or 272 super- 

 ficial feet ; in Scotland, by the rood of 36 square 

 yards, or 324 superficial feet, the standard thick- 

 ness of all brick- walls being a brick and a half — 

 that is, the length of one brick and breadth of 

 another. Supposing, therefore, bricks to be 1 0 

 inches long, and 4 \ inches broad, such walls are 

 called 14-inch walls ; and, in measuring brick- 

 work, all walls must be reduced to that stand- 

 ard. N.B. — It is necessary, in making calcula- 

 tions, and in taking dimensions, to observe the 

 difference between the rod and rood ; and it 

 would be well, instead of expressing the thick- 

 ness in inches, to do so in bricks or half-bricks, 

 &c. 306 feet cube, or 1 1 yards 9 feet, or 408 feet 

 superficial, of one brick in thickness, is equal to 

 272 feet superficial of brick-and-half work, or 

 one rod standard thickness, or 3l7g feet, calcu- 

 lating the thickness at 1 34 inches, or 14 inches, 

 as usually expressed: 14^0 bricks to the foot 

 superficial are required, of Scotch bricks. 

 When English bricks are used, 1 foot super- 

 ficial, of reduced work, will take 16 bricks ; 1 

 foot ditto, gauged arches, 10 bricks; I foot 

 ditto, facings, 7 bricks, &c. 



On account of the difference in size be- 

 tween the English and Scotch bricks, the for- 

 mer being usually 8| x 2| x i\, although 

 in general called 9 inches, and the latter 

 9| x 4| x 3£, it is necessary to add to each 

 yard English, when Scotch bricks are used for 

 walls of 4^ inch, or half-brick work, 5 bricks; 

 for 9-inch work, or one brick, 10 bricks ; for l'S^- 

 inch, or brick-and-half work, 15 bricks ; and for 

 18-inch, or two-brick work, 20 bricks. Since 

 the repeal of the excise duty, bricks may be 

 made of any size : the above, however, ap- 

 proximate the usual sizes. 



Previous to the repeal of the duty on bricks, 

 they were not allowed to be made in moulds 

 containing more than 150 cubic inches. If 

 larger than that, they were liable to double 

 duty. The Scotch makers, aware of this, made 

 their bricks as near to the above size as possible, 

 they in general running from 147f to 148 cubic 

 inches. Why the English makers did not do so, 

 we know not. The loss did not, however, fall 

 on the maker, but on the purchaser ; because 



1000 Scotch bricks would do more work than 

 the same number of English made ones. Hence 

 in purchasing bricks, the larger size, if well 

 burnt, should be chosen. In Scotland, bricks 

 for general purposes are divided into common 

 red bricks, composition bricks, and fire-bricks. 

 The size of the first has been given above. 

 They weigh per 1000, on an average, 3 tons. The 

 second, 3 tons 7 cwt. ; and the third, 3 tons 15 

 cwt. They are all of the same size, the* nature 

 of the material making the difference in weight. 

 English place and stock bricks weigh 2 tons 5 

 cwt., or 5 lb. each, as an average weight, accord- 

 ing to Skirving's calculations, but more cor- 

 rectly, 2 tons 4 cwt. 2 qrs. 16 lb. 



For the following calculations relative to 

 Scotch made bricks, we are indebted to Mr 

 Dean, a respectable manufacturer at Wishaw, 

 Lanarkshire : — 



3620 bricks will build a rod of 1^ brick work of 

 272 feet superficial, allowing 20 for breakage, if 

 composition, and 40 for common brick. 



4320 ditto, a rood of 1^ brick work, of 324 feet 

 superficial. 



2414 ditto, a rod of 10-inch work, of 272 feet do. 

 2880 a rood of ditto, of 324 feet ditto. 

 1207 ditto, a rod of 5-inch work, of 272 feet do. 

 1440 ditto, a rood of ditto, of 324 feet do. 



The above calculations are made for Scotch 

 made bricks only, and include breakage in the 

 proportion stated in the first item. 



4500 place bricks, or 4300 stock bricks, laid 

 in mortar, is the London allowance for doing a 

 rod of work. This, however, includes breakage 

 and waste. For other calculations of the num- 

 ber of bricks required for garden-walls, vide 

 art. Construction of Brick Walls, p. 79. 



A rod of solid 1-brick work requires 3000 

 bricks ; and a rod of hollow brick-and-half work 

 requires 3600 ; and a rod with only half the 

 number of cross-bonds requires 3200 bricks : 

 3000 is sufficient for a rod, if built on Dearn's 

 principle, vide p. 81. If the whole of the brick- 

 work were set on edge, then, for common 9- inch 

 wall, hollow, the number of bricks required per 

 rod will be 2000 ; for a brick-and-half hollow 

 wall, with the bricks set on edge, the number 

 per rod will be about 3000; and for a wall, 

 brick-on-edge, with only half the number of 

 cross-bonds, the number will be 2500. — N. B. 

 These calculations are for English made bricks. 



