XXII 



DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. 



9. Stereocaulon pasckale, apothecium, magnified. 



10. Ditto, section of ditto. 

 11* S. qtiisquiliare, nat. size. 



12. Ditto, magnified. * 



13. S. denudatum, nat. size. 



14. Ditto, extremity of a ramule, magnified. 



15. Lichina pygmcea, extremities of thalline lacmiee, showing 

 apothecia, a, and spermogones, b, magnified. 



16. Ditto, section of an apothecium and spermogone, magnified. 



17. Ditto, thecse and spores in different stages of develop- 

 ment. 



18. Ditto, spores in the agglutinated state. 



19. Ditto, free spore. 



20. L. conjinis, extremity of a thalline ramule, showing an 

 apothecium, a, and several spermogones, b. 



21. Ditto, section of an apothecium, a, and spermogones, b. 



22. Ditto, spores in the agglutinated state. 



23. Ditto, free spore. 



PLATE XVIII. 



1. Cladonia rangiferina. 



2. Ditto, sterile nodding apices, showing the spermogones. 



3. Ditto, fertile erect apices, showing the apothecia. 



4. Ditto, section of a spermogone. 



5. C. pyxidata, sterile podetia. 



6. Ditto, spores. 



