PELTIGEE.A. 



167 



the young state of other spores we have already described ; 

 septa gradually appear, and the secondary cellules are 

 finally and fully developed. The young spore frequently has 

 a linear form, and is very delicate and transparent ; in this 

 state it is difficult to distinguish it from the paraphyses, 

 which are filiform and also very delicate. — In studying the 

 British Peltigeras, we have found little difference, save in size 

 and the number of the septa, in the characters of the spore ; 

 and the same remark applies, to some extent, to the other 

 cell-elements of the reproductive and vegetative systems. 

 The spermogones, — which in the Peltigeras are frequently 

 absent, and when present are to be looked for on the 

 margins of the thallus,— occur as small obtuse tubercles, 

 resembling the nascent apothecia, than which they are 

 generally more deeply coloured ; their cavity is simple, but 

 very narrow. The sterigmata are staff-shaped, almost solid 

 filaments, somewhat irregular, articulated and ramose at the 

 base ; they generate, in succession, from their apices, many 

 colourless, ovoid, transparent spermatia. These spermatia 

 differ remarkably in size and form from those of most 

 other Lichens, and more resemble the stylospores formerly 

 described ; but there seems no good reason to doubt their 

 being really spermatia. — This Lichen is somewhat widely 

 distributed, occurring in Europe between Lapland and 



