184 



POPULAR HISTORY OF LICHENS. 



goods, by the peasantry in various parts of the Scotch Low- 

 lands, where the Lichen is one of the " crottles ;" in the 

 north of Ireland, where it is called " Hazel Rag," or " Hazel 

 Crottles;" in Herefordshire, where it is called "Rags," and 

 in other English counties ; in the Isle of Man ; as well as 

 in different parts of Germany and France. This species is 

 one of the largest and most handsome of the British Stictas ; 

 but the genus attains its maximum development only in the 

 Tropics, where its species possess a great size and beauty, 

 frequently covering the trunks of huge forest-trees. Stictas 

 are also among the most handsome of Antarctic Lichens, 

 such as S. endochrysa, which has a beautiful golden-yellow 

 thallus, and is abundant in Fuegia, Juan Fernandez, and 

 New Zealand. It is curious, in regard to the geographical 

 range of Lichens, to remark that the Stictas appear to be 

 substitutes in the Antarctic regions for the Umbilicarias, 

 which are largely developed in the Arctic regions, where 

 Stictas are altogether absent. S. pulmonaria occurs on the 

 Himalayas, and in other parts of the world, but does not 

 appear to be widely diffused. 



2. Sticta scrobiculata (seroiicnlm, a little furrow). 

 Thallus above greyish- green, deeply or slightly reticulate- 

 lacunose, usually roughened by lead-coloured soredia, — be- 



