270 



POPULAR HISTORY OF LICHENS. 



following species the horizontal or primary thallus is gene- 

 rally alone met with, the podetia being comparatively rare. 

 Spermogones may frequently be discovered towards the mar- 

 gins, and on the upper surface of the thalline lacinulse, as 

 spherical, sessile or substipitate, at first brownish, afterwards 

 blackish, bodies, with an almost invisible pore. Their cavity 

 is simple ; their sterigmata very fine, short, ramose filaments • 

 their spermatia curved, cylindrical, and of extreme tenuity."* 



6. Cladonia cervicornis (cervus, a stag) is a similar 

 form, in which however the horizontal thallus is erectish, 

 laciniate-lobate, and greyish-green above; the lacinulse 

 broadish. (E. B. 2574.) By some authors it is regarded as 

 a macrophylline state of the next species. 



Illl Scyphiferouspocletiafruticulose-ramose; thallus 

 normally evanescent. 



7. Cladonia gracilis {gracilis, slender or elegant). Po- 

 detia cartilaginous, aphyllous or squamulose, glaucous or 

 brownish-green. Scyphiferous podetia elongate -tubseform ; 

 scyphi regular, very proliferous. Cylindrical podetia simple 

 or ramose, subulate or beaked. 



A common species, growing on the ground, on heaths, 

 and among moss in hilly and alpine districts. It also oc- 

 * Itzigsohn, 'Botanische Zeitung/ vol. viii., 1850. 



