CLADONIA. 



271 



curs in the Arctic and Antarctic regions,- and is otherwise 

 widely distributed. 



Turbinate podetia openly infundihuliform ; cylindrical 

 ones entire. 



8. Cladonia squamosa {squama, a scale). Podetia glau- 

 cous-granulose or squamulose. Infundibuliferous ones elon- 

 gate- turbinate ; infundibula denticulate-radiate, commonly 

 very proliferous. Cylindrical podetia rarely subulate, usually 

 symphycarpeous or cymose. — There are several varieties de- 

 pending chiefly on the size and character of the thalline squa- 

 mules, which are sometimes very small and narrowly lacinu- 

 late, and on the podetia being naked or roughened by decor- 

 tication or growths, simple or divided. (E. B. 2362, var. nii- 

 crophylla; 2052, var. parasitica; 1796, var. fungiformis ; 

 1782, var. leptophylla.) 



Not uncommon, in some of its varieties, on the ground, 

 and on putrid wood, in lowland and subalpine forests. 



Turbinate podetia obscurely infundibuliform; cylindri- 

 cal ones closed, or gaping at the axils of the ramules. 



9. Cladonia stellata (stella, a star). Podetia cartila- 

 ginous, always aphyllous, straw-coloured, extremities brown- 

 ish; sterile extremities of turbinate ones stellately patent, 

 fertile cymose, usually proliferous ; cylindrical podetia simple 



