I9ii.] 



Labourers' Cottages. 



i 1 1 



rainfall or to the drainage of any waste water or liquid 

 refuse. 



Earth-closets with a movable receptacle, such as a 

 galvanised pail, may be constructed in connection with a 

 dwelling-house, but not within the same, in such a manner 

 and position as previously described. The capacity of the 

 movable receptable should, however, be limited in order to 

 ensure the removal of its contents at least once a week. The 

 seat or riser should be adjusted to admit readily of the 

 removal of the pail. A small ledged door and frame in the 

 back or side external wall may be provided for this purpose. 



Building Materials. — A good deal of prominence has been 

 given to the use of concrete blocks, and, where the "site 

 itself provides ample gravel and sand, and neither bricks nor 

 stone can be obtained without the expense of cartage for a 

 considerable distance, it is possible to build more cheaply 

 in this manner. On the other hand, where bricks can be 

 had at a moderate price, it is doubtful whether much saving 

 can be effected by the use of these blocks. In any case, it is 

 of paramount importance that the manufacture of concrete 

 blocks should be carried out under skilled supervision ; the 

 quality of the cement, the proportion of the constituent parts, 

 the mode of mixing, &c, being details requiring the greatest 

 care in order to ensure satisfactory results. 



In districts where stone is plentiful and available for 

 building purposes, it Is necessary to ascertain that its 

 weathering qualities are such as would justify its use for 

 this purpose. Where gravel and sand can be obtained on 

 the site, care should be taken to see that they are free from 

 all earthy or clayey matter before use, and that the sand is 

 sufficiently sharp. 



Bricks can still be obtained at very reasonable rates in 

 many districts, and for general work, good, sound, hard, 

 well-burnt bricks from approved yards should be used. For 

 external facings they should be of uniform shape and colour, 

 but for internal use thoroughly sound work can be obtained 

 by the use of "Flettons," which can be procured in truck- 

 loads at a low rate. The main objections to their use for 

 external work are their unevenness of colour, and their 

 liability to flake in much exposed situations, while for internal 



