492 International Congress at Madrid, [sept. 



or public bodies. They should be preserved, as being pro- 

 ductive, though not protective, by the fact of being included 

 within the forest zone. Over the remaining mountainous dis- 

 tricts included in the forest zone and held as private property, 

 the State should only exercise a technical inspection, sufficient 

 to ensure their proper maintenance and improvement. 



The State should proceed to the delimitation of the forest 

 zone, and to the classification of the mountainous regions 

 included in it into protective and productive areas, and 

 declare them of public utility. 



It was suggested that one of the most important aims of 

 the Congress should be the conclusion of international con- 

 ventions as a means of arriving at the formation of an inter- 

 national code on the reafforestation of mountains. A union 

 should be established of the States bordering on the Mediter- 

 ranean for the solution of the forestry problems of the region. 



The various States, by example and precept, by moral and 

 material support, and by fiscal immunities and legislative j 

 provisions designed to attract private or collective capital, 

 should promote the maintenance and improvement of existing 

 forests, the management, as regards forestry and grazing, of 

 mountains, and the reafforestation of waste lands. 



The State should, by various means, increase the woodec 

 area, and maintain and improve the Alpine pastures. To this 

 end it should strive to increase the public forest area, and to 

 stimulate the formation of associations for the purpose, bv 

 attracting capital towards afforestation, at the same time 

 preventing undue exploitation. 



It will be necessary, in connection with rivers having an 

 international character, that the work should be carried oul 

 on a method drawn up by agreement among the countrief 

 interested, each engaging to follow the plan as far as it 

 financial resources and circumstances will allow. 



Steps should be taken to popularise the view that agricuJ 

 ture will derive great benefit by the partial substitution cj 

 forestry for cultivation where the conditions are unfavourabl 

 for the latter, by increasing, in dry regions, the number ( 

 wooded pastures, and by dividing arable fields by lines <j 

 trees at right angles to the direction of the prevailing wind. 



Arbour Days should be made general, and should be gi\t 



