6f> 



Q P. Jeffreyi. Jeffrey's Pine. Closely allied to P. ponderosa, but 

 the young- shoots are of a blue-white colour, the leaves; 

 stiffer and longer, and the cones much larger. Native of 

 California. 



P P. Rigida. Northern Pitch Pine. Leaves dark green, 3-4ijn.. 

 long, rigid, twisted; leaf-sheath J-^in. long. Cones l-3|in.. 

 long, persisting; scales terminated by a short prickle. 

 Many small branches spring directly from the trunk. Native 

 of Eastern North America. 



L P. Insignis syn Radiata. Monterey Pine. Leaves rich grassy- 

 green 2-5in. long, soft and flexible, very dense on the 

 branchlets; leaf-sheath }-iih. long. Cones, conical, rich 

 bright brown, 3-5in. long, borne in whorls and remaining 

 closed on the branches for years. A tree of rapid growth 

 in the South of England, but not hardy in the North. 

 Native of Monterey, California. 



III. PINES WITH LEAVES IN FIVES. . 



Leaf-sheaths deciduous. 



Z1 P. Excelsa. Himalayan Blue Pine. Leaves blue-green, 5-7in„ 

 long, soft, pendulous; leaf-sheath f-fin. long. Cones cylin- 

 drical, 6-10in. long, l-|-lfin. wide. It is a handsome, fast- 

 growing tree, but requires a sheltered position, otherwise it: 

 has a bedraggled appearance. Native of the Himalayas. 



The leaves of Pines are produced in clusters or bundles of 

 from two to five needles or leaves, except that in one species, 

 Monophylla, they are solitary. Each bundle of leaves has at its 

 base a " sheath " called the " leaf-sheath "; its form, length, 

 and the period for which it remains are useful data in identifying 

 the species. 



The flowers of pines are unisexual and born in clusters, the 

 males at the base, the females at the apex of the year's growth; 

 the female flower developes the second year into a woody fruit 

 called a " cone." The cones of the various species vary greatly in 

 size, shape, and colour, and are one of the most certain means in 

 identifying the different species. Most pines, however, can be 

 identified at a glance from their habit of growth and colour. 



Spruces have their leaves arranged singly and spirally on the 

 shoots and are linear or needle-like, mostly four-sided, and more 

 crowded on the upper side than on the lower. Flowers unisexual 

 produced on the same tree at or near the ends of the twigs. 

 Female cones pendulous, scales persisting until they fall. 



The only two Spruces growing on the common are Picea 

 pungens and Picea pungens glanca, marked C and M on the 

 plan, the latter being readily distinguished by its blue-green or 

 glaucous colour. The soil, however, does not seem to suit it. as the 

 four examples are all unhealthy. 



