PEAR MACHINERY. 19 



open, by the centrifugal force of the revolving wheel. In this way 

 the carts are not only thoroughly but uniformly filled. 



While the pear is passing through the machine the spines become 

 thoroughly broken up, and, being lighter than the pulp}^ material, are 

 largely winnowed out when the chop passes out of the machine. 

 Ranchers report that this is very noticeable when the machine is in 

 operation, the stream of broken spines and lighter material being quite 

 effectually separated a few feet from the machine. 



With this, as with the other machine, it is necessary to build a plat- 

 form and a feed chute from which the pear is fed with sticks, as pre- 

 vious^ described. The chute is in the form of a flat trough, set at 

 an angle of tt5 degrees from the face of the wheel, its base being 

 coincident with the horizontal diameter. The pear to be chopped is 

 in this way carried into the machine by its own weight for the most 

 part, but, owing to its straggling method of growth, its passage into 

 the machine must be facilitated by the use of crude forks. The 

 machine differs from that shown in Plate II, figure 2, in being con- 

 structed of iron throughout, in being smaller and more compact, in 

 having the boxes behind the knives removable, and in utilizing the 

 centrifugal force of the wheel in discharging the chop. 



Both machines are reported to be very efficient. There is but little 

 about them to wear out, and they are reported to last indefinitely. 



PEAR BURNERS. 



Pear burners were first manufactured in 1898. As now used they 

 are essentially a modification of the plumber's torch. 



The two pear burners upon the market are very similar in construc- 

 tion and are both efficient machines, according to the best evidence 

 that it has been possible to obtain. They consist essentially of a strong, 

 well-riveted, metal tank, which in actual use is supported upon the 

 shoulders of the operator by a strap; a long delivery pipe, and a burner 

 for generating and consuming gas from gasoline. The two machines 

 differ only in minor mechanical contrivances and in the form of the 

 burner. It has been found by experience that it is absolutely essential 

 that the tank be strongly built in order to prevent accident. Several 

 of the first burners used were too light in construction and caused seri- 

 ous accidents. It is said that one or two men were killed by the explo- 

 sion of the tanks and the burning of the gasoline. 



The distinguishing features of one of the pear burners on the market 

 are the turning joints of the delivery pipe and the simple coiled-pipe 

 burner, which is covered with a sheet-iron cylinder to prevent escape 

 of heat, to give direction to the flame, and to protect the burner in 

 windy weather. 



The other style of burner differs from the one just described mainly 



