190 



181. Anas boschas (Linn.). 



A few remain in the valley all the summer ; but the majority- 

 migrate northwards to the lakes of Chinese Tartary. 



182. Spatula clypeata (Linn.). 

 Common in Cashmere all the year. 



183. Dafila acuta (Linn.). 

 Cashmere lakes in winter. 



184. Querquedula crecca (Linn.). 

 Cashmere lakes all the year : pretty common. 



185. Nyroca leucophthalma, Bechst. 



Common all the year in Cashmere ; abundant on the Dul Lake, 

 near the city of Sirinugger. 



186. Mareca penelope (Linn.). 



I did not see this species during my travels in the Himalayas, but 

 on good authority was informed it arrives in autumn with the other 

 migratory species, and is common on the lakes of Cashmere during 

 the winter months. 



187. Sterna hirundo, Linn. 



Rivers of Ladakh and the great Chimouraree Lake. Pretty 

 common. 



188. Larus brunneicephalus, Jerdon, Madr. Journ. xiii. 225. 

 This species I found common on the lakes of Ladakh during the 



summer months. Not having seen the above bird, I merely apply 

 the name in consequence of the similarity in the colour of the head. 

 Total length 1 foot 5 inches ; between tips of wings 3 feet 5 inches. 

 Bill and inside of mouth lobster-red, likewise the margins of the eye- 

 lids ; white circle around the eyes. Iris white ; whole of the head, 

 throat, part of neck greyish-brown, turning to black on the neck ; 

 rest of neck, breast, belly, vent, and tail pure white; back wing- 

 coverts and secondary quills leaden ash ; first six primaries with the 

 proximal half white and the distal half black : near the points 

 of the two first quills there is a white spot ; this and the other 

 markings on the quills are very distinct when the bird is on the 

 wing. Legs lobster-red. Tail short, even. 



189. Sterna melanogastra, Temm. 



Abundant all over the Valley of Cashmere. Seen often in flocks 

 hunting for insects in the fields. There is a variety worthy of notice : 

 some specimens wanted the black on the belly, and had scarcely 

 any markings on the head — I fancy, young birds ; they were killed 

 in July. 



