301 



four of which are much larger than the others. The stone-canal 

 is single, and the madreporite has a folded calcification on its 

 exterior side (Fig. 63. 2). The intestine has a large loop and on 

 the mesenteries there are ciliated funnels. The funnels (Fig. 62. 13) 

 are rather small and usually arranged into small groups. Often the 

 funnels of a group may be united on a very short stalk. This is 



Fig. 63. Chiridota hawaiiensis. 1 rods from tentacles X 400. 2 madreporite x 36. 

 3 rods from longitudinal muscles x 400. 4 parasitic protozoan X 900. 5 — 6 

 gregarinian-like parasites X 35. 



exceedingly difficult to ascertain, and only further examinations on 

 specimens preserved for cytological studies may show the real state. 

 At any rate, whether the funnels are united on a common stalk or 

 not, the funnel-stalk is very short and yields for that reason a valid 

 character for separating hawaiiensis from rigida, in which species 

 the funnels are long-stalked, cf. Semper's figure Pl. VI fig. 4. As 

 to rigida I suppose that some of the funnels are free and others 

 united into stalked clusters, which would agree with the contradictory 

 statements (pag. 19 and pag. 35) in "Die Holothurien" (cf. Ludwig: 

 Holothurioidea pag. 235. and Lam pert: Ostafrikanische Holothu- 

 rien pag. 70). The gonads are branched and in some of the spec- 

 imens very voluminous. Fisher writes in the "Hawaiian Holo- 



