ANTELOPES. 



45 



The Four-horned The one representative of this genus, Tetraceros 

 Antelope. quadricomis (1187, fig. 44), differs from the 



GenilS TetracerOS. Duikers by the general presence of two pairs of 

 horns in the male, and by the openings of the glands below the eyes 

 forming a deep slit on each side of the muzzle. The females are with- 

 out horns. The Four-horned Antelope, or Chousingha, as it is called 

 in India, is generally found in pairs, and never associates in herds. 

 Its favourite haunts are undulating or hilly districts, covered with 

 thin forest or bush ; but it avoids dense jungle. As it drinks 

 daily, it never wanders far from the neighbourhood of water. 

 Both when walking and running, it moves with a peculiar jerky 

 action. This Antelope is somewhat locally distributed in India. 

 The Hartebeest & Together with the Gnus, or Wildebeests {Con- [West 

 Bontebok Group, nochcetes), the Hartebeests (Bubalis) and their 

 Genera Bubalis allies the Bontebok and Blesbok (Damaliscus) II, XV, 

 & DamalisCUS. form a group, or subfamily (Bubalince) of large- xVH ] 

 sized Antelopes presenting the following characteristics. The 

 muzzle is naked, a small gland is present below each eye, the 

 nostrils are large, the tail is long and tufted, and the lateral hoofs 

 are relatively large. Horns of considerable size are present in 

 both sexes, those of the female being rather more slender than 

 those of the male • and the upper molar teeth are very tall and 

 narrow. The true Hartebeests are distinguished from the other 

 members by their abnormally long faces, and doubly-curved horns 

 (fig. 29). On the other hand, in Damaliscus the face is shorter 

 and the horns are more simply curved. Species of Bubalis range 

 throughout Africa and Southern Arabia, whereas Damaliscus is 

 restricted to Africa south of the Sahara. Hartebeests frequent 

 open country, and many of them are very swift. Blesboks ana 

 Bonteboks were formerly found in herds of enormous size. A 

 very large series of specimens of these Antelopes is exhibited; 

 among those in the first-named genus being the Cape Hartebeest, 

 Bubalis caama (1246), represented by a male presented by Sir 

 Andrew Smith in 1842, the allied B. jacksoni (1247, fig. 29) of 

 East Africa, Coke's Hartebeest, B. cokei (1243, fig. 31), the Tora 

 Hartebeest, B. tora (1244), of East Africa, and its ally the Sig, or 

 Swayne's Hartebeest, B. swaynei (1242), of Somaliland, and 

 Lichtenstein's Hartebeest, B. lichtensteini (1240). In the second 

 group are shown the Bastard Hartebeest, or Sassaby, Damaliscus 



