no 



Scientific Proceedings (82). 



I could observe budding of red blood corpuscles after the first 

 day of cultivation. Buds with and without nuclei appeared, also 

 the rapid division of erythroblasts could be noted. The budding 

 off of either small nucleated or non-nucleated cells cannot be a 

 progressive process in the chicken because the avian red blood 

 corpuscle is nucleated. Therefore the analogous observation of 

 Tower and Herm with its conclusion that the mammalian red 

 blood corpuscle is a nuclear bud which escapes into the circula- 

 tion as the true red cell, loses its convincing power; probably the 

 budding is a reaction of the normoblast to the change of its media, 

 as it is also observed in amebae as soon as they are under unfavor- 

 able conditions and can be produced experimentally. The mono- 

 and polynuclear eosinophil leucocytes show in living cultures the 

 same tendency to divide rapidly into nucleated small cells or non- 

 nucleated components in living cultures. The bud-forming ca- 

 pacity and the tendency to divide rapidly seems to be a general 

 behavior of blood cells in living cultures. 



Another phenomenon to produce non-nucleated cells observed 

 in living cultures is the following: the nucleated blood corpuscle 

 loses its nucleus by ejection of chromatin, this process resembles 

 the formation of Cabot's bodies in experimental anemia or the 

 anemia of man (Juspa 2 ). 



These two processes seem to be degenerative in the chicken. 

 If these two phenomena are observable in the chicken the question 

 arises, can the mammalian normoblast be capable of losing either 

 its nucleus by the budding off process or by ejection of the con- 

 densed original nucleus. The authors identify strongly in their 

 second thesis the mammalian normoblast and the red corpuscle 

 of the bird, it may be therefore possible that they have not ob- 

 served the ejection of the mammalian normoblast nucleus. 



I can agree with the authors that phagocytosis of true mega- 

 caryocytes (giant cells) is by no means common in normal bone 

 marrow tissues. But still the most striking feature in my cultures 

 was the phagocytosis of a kind of " Riesenzellen." But these 

 " Riesenzellen " are not the usual multinucleated cells of the bone 

 marrow; (megacaryocytes) this name includes cells which have 



2 Juspa, 1913-14, Folia Haemal., Bd. XVII, II Teil, pp. 429-441. 



