20 Scientific Proceedings (35). 



Thus in neuromuscular movements the stimulus of sodium 

 is offset by the depression of magnesium, potassium and calcium 

 while in ciliary movement the depressant effect of sodium is offset 

 by the stimulating influence of magnesium, potassium and calcium 



While there is wide diversity in the reactions of motile fungi' 

 and algae to these ions, I have found a Spirillum living in fresh- 

 water which reacts as do the cilia of animals. 



It thus seems possible that the ciliary movements of animals 

 may have been taken over from motile plant-like ancestors and 

 maintained unchanged, whereas their neuro-muscular movements 

 have been developed later, and are controlled by the ions of the 

 blood salts in a manner the exact reverse of cilia. 



