102 



Scientific Proceedings (38). 



the liver increases in the blood serum an enzyme which like that 

 of the fresh liver digests in acid ; the alkalinity of the blood serum 

 is capable of inhibiting this enzyme. A second enzyme capable 

 of digesting in alkali is perhaps discharged by the degenerating 

 liver ; the blood serum acquires an increased ability to inhibit the 

 action of similar enzymes. It is probable that increase of this anti- 

 body is the means by which the body protects itself from its own 

 enzyme. 



63 (473) 



A preliminary note upon experimental lobar pneumonia with 

 a demonstration of specimens. 



By R. V. LAMAR and S. J. MELTZER. 



{From the Laboratories of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical 



Research^ 



Soon after the relationship of the pneumococcus to lobar 

 pneumonia was established, a great many attempts were made to 

 produce lobar pneumonia in animals. As early as 1888 Gama- 

 leia claimed to have succeeded in producing pneumonia regularly 

 in sheep and dogs by injecting pneumococci directly into the lung 

 through the chest wall ; but he failed when he made the injections 

 into the trachea. From then until 1903 the attempts of all inves- 

 tigators have been successful in producing a pneumonia in only a 

 relatively small number of experiments, and the inflammation has 

 been usually of the lobular type. Wadsworth in 1903 was able 

 to produce pneumonia with regularity by intratracheal injection 

 only in immunized rabbits. 



Dogs were used in our experiments. Under anesthesia a 

 small stomach tube (as used in the intra-tracheal method of arti- 

 ficial respiration by Meltzer and Auer) is introduced through the 

 larnyx into a bronchus and from 5 to 10 c.c. of a broth culture 

 of a very virulent pneumococcus injected through the tube. The 

 animals quickly recover without untoward results. Until now 

 fifteen animals have been so treated. Of these four are under ob- 

 servation ; nine have been killed at various periods of time after 

 the injection — from one to six days; and two have died. All 

 of the eleven animals which came to autopsy had pneumonia with 

 consolidation of from one-half of one lobe to complete consolida- 



