Scientific Proceedings. 



135 



velocities obtained from the above-mentioned equation will there- 

 fore be greater than the specific velocity of the cation of the base 

 by the specific velocity of the casein anion. In the case of the 

 neutral caseinate of sodium the sum of the ionic velocities was 

 found to be slightly greater than the velocity of the Na ion, indi- 

 cating a specific velocity of 2.6 x io~ 5 cm. per sec. for the casein 

 anion at 25 °. In the case of ammonium caseinate, however, the 

 sum of the ionic velocities was found to be considerably less than 

 the specific velocity of the ammonium ion. This can only be inter- 

 preted, I think, as indicating the presence in this solution of com- 

 plex cations containing ammonium. Other considerations show 

 that the effect is not due to viscosity. If casein be regarded as 

 an ampholyte of the type HXOH, the sodium salt would be of 

 the type Na+-f XOH~ ; it is possible that the ammonium salt in 

 solution forms ions of the type NH 4 X+-f-OH- or NH 4 X+-f 

 XOH-. 



So far as I am aware, this constitutes the first direct experi- 

 mental indication of the actual existence, in vitro, of the com- 

 pounds of protein and alkalies and alkaline earths in which the 

 non-protein ion is not dissociable as such, the existence of which, 

 in living tissues, has been pointed out by Loeb. 



95 (238) 



The Altmann's granules in kidney and liver and their relation 

 to granular and fatty degeneration. 



By WILLIAM OPHULS. 



[From the Pathologic Laboratory of Cooper Medical College, San 



Francisco, Cal.~] 



In the kidneys of dogs, rabbits and guinea pigs we find the 

 following arrangement of the Altmann's granules : In the con- 

 necting, the convoluted tubules and in the descending parts of 

 the loops of Henle, the granules are rather coarse, very definitely 

 rodshaped and arranged in radial rows in the basilar two thirds 

 of the cells, often so closely set end to end that it is difficult to 

 make out the dividing lines between them. In the part of the 

 cells directly adjoining the lumen there are few scattered short 



