16 



Scientific Proceedings (94). 



in vitamines than most of the staples like meats, potatoes, cereals, 

 fats and sugar products, in the diet of man. Therefore they un- 

 questionably contribute largely to the dietary need of the average 

 person. 



10 (1385) 



Preliminary report on the behavior of certain local anesthetics. 



By Cary Eggleston and Robert A. Hatcher. 



[From the Department of Pharmacology, Cornell University Medical 

 College, New York City, N. Y.} 



The fatal intravenous dose of each of the several substitutes 

 for cocain varies enormously with differences in the rates of in- 

 jection. Five or more times the fatal dose for sudden injection 

 can be given in a period of one to two hours without causing death. 

 The subcutaneous doses show even wider variations among the 

 different drugs than the intravenous doses. 



All of the local anesthetics tested, including cocain, are mutu- 

 ally and quantitatively synergistic. They are all synergistic with 

 epinephrin in its effect upon the blood pressure in a manner anal- 

 ogous to cocain. 



The systemic toxic actions of all of the members of the group 

 are very closely alike and all cause death in cats by combined 

 paralysis of the heart and respiratory center. 



Three of the members of the group — procain, stovain and ap- 

 othesine — have been shown to be destroyed rapidly by the liver. 

 All of the others are rapidly destroyed in the animal body, except- 

 ing cocain, and it seems probable that this destruction also takes 

 place in the liver. 



Artificial respiration alone, or combined with cardiac massage, 

 does not suffice to permit recovery from the sudden intravenous 

 injection of 125 per cent, of the fatal dose of any of the local an- 

 esthetics. Artificial respiration and cardiac massage, combined 

 with the intravenous injection of epinephrin, permit recovery in 

 most cases from 125 to 150 per cent, or more of the fatal vein dose 

 of all of the local anesthetics. The previous administration of 

 ouabain permits recovery from 150 per cent, of the fatal dose of 



