Mammalian Embryos. 



183 



97 (1557) 



The determination of small quantities of sugar in urine, including 

 observations on the polysaccharide content of human urine. 



By Stanley R. Benedict. 



[From the Department of Chemistry, Cornell University Medical 

 College, New York City.] 



Conditions have been found for carrying out the reaction be- 

 tween sugar and picric acid which render it possible to determine 

 sugar in the presence of three or four times its weight of creatin or 

 creatinine without affecting the results. When this reaction is 

 applied directly to urine, figures for sugar are obtained which are 

 only a few hundredths of a per cent, higher than those obtained 

 after precipitation with mercuric nitrate as described by Benedict 

 and Osterberg. After treatment of the urine with a suitable 

 purified bone-black the figures obtained duplicate very closely 

 those found with the mercuric nitrate method. The procedure 

 recommended will be described in detail in the near future. 



Using the new technique, observations have been made on 

 the increase in reducing substance of normal urine which results 

 from mild hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid. The increase in 

 reducing substance thus obtained amounts to about 0.5 gm. per 

 day calculated as glucose, for the 24 hour elimination of a normal 

 human adult. Very much higher figures (several grams per day) 

 have been observed in cases of diabetes mellitus which were under 

 treatment, and where the glucose eliminated amounted to from 

 3 to 20 grams per day. 



98 (1558) 



Disturbances in the development of mammalian embryos caused 

 by radium emanation. 



By J. F. Gudernatsch and H. J. BAGG (by invitation). 



[From the Department of Anatomy and the Memorial Hospital, Cor- 

 nell University Medical College, New York City.] 



As has been shown by various observers, the exposure of living 

 tissues to the influence of radium rays leads to a severe injury and 



