Nutritive Value of Some Cotton-Seed Products. 147 



than others. This is particularly true of invertebrates. Res- 

 piration ceases altogether, and returns if the specimen is re- 

 turned within certain time limits, to aerated water. The toad 

 fish and killifish live in water with low oxygen content while 

 butterfish and menhaden quickly succumb to reduction in oxygen 

 supply. 



E. The average rate of oxygen consumption for two species 

 of marine worms is about 0.0205 c.c. per gm. per hr. ; while that 

 of two mollusks is about the same, i. e., 0.0215 c - c - O2 per gm. 

 per hr. That of the fish, tautog, was 0.088 c.c. per gm. per 

 hr. Most marine invertebrates consume oxygen at a very low 

 rate; fishes at a much higher rate; with amphibia the rate is be- 

 tween that of invertebrates and fishes; the rate with mammals 

 and birds is relatively high, that of birds being extremely high 

 as compared with anatomically lower forms. 



82 (1146) 



The nutritive value of some cotton-seed products in growth. 



By Thomas B. Osborne and Lafayette B. Mendel. 



[From the Laboratory of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment 

 Station and the Sheffield Laboratory of Physiological Chem- 

 istry in Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.] 



When certain animals are fed on a ration containing an abun- 

 dance of cotton-seed meal they frequently give evidence of so- 

 called cotton-seed injury. This has been attributed to irritation 

 from the indigestible husks, the oil, harmful microorganisms, and 

 specifically toxic chemical compounds. The possibility suggests 

 itself that the rations are frequently far from ideal or adequate 

 in respect to the various essential nutrients, inorganic salts and 

 "accessories." Richardson and Green 1 have found that when the 

 ration of rats is otherwise suitable, toxic symptoms do not follow 

 the use of cotton-seed meal. With their approval we refer to our 

 own experiments, which are still in progress. To ascertain whether 



1 This has since been published: Richardson and Green, Jour. Biol. Client., June, 

 1916, XXV, 307- 



