68 (132) Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 



were fed, with the result that on the fourth day pronounced ataxia, 

 loss of sight and hearing, complete anesthesia, and catalepsy were 

 observed, recovery occurring on the next day. After fasting for 

 24 hours the animal was placed on a diet of fresh lean beef. In 

 five days a recurrence of the above symptoms was noted. The 

 death of the animal occurred on the fifty-ninth day of the experi- 

 ment, after the dog had undergone a loss of 42^ of his weight. 

 Autopsy showed a fistulous opening 2 cm. in length and no 

 collateral circulation. In other cases the symptoms described 

 occurred only after the addition of Liebig's extract to the meat 

 diet. 



The administration to normal dogs of sodium carbamate either 

 by mouth or by intravenous injection, gave rise to none of the 

 symptoms observed by Pawlow and associates. 



33 (79)- "On chemical fertilization"; JACQUES LOEB. (Pre- 

 sented by WILLIAM J. GlES.) 



1. In two previous publications the author mentioned the fact 

 that by applying two different methods of treatment to the unfer- 

 tilized egg of the sea urchin, this egg could be caused to develop 

 in a way which resembled in all its essential features the develop- 

 ment of the eggs fertilized with sperm. These two methods con- 

 sisted, first, in putting the eggs for about two hours in hypertonic 

 sea water (the method used in the early experiments) and, second, 

 in exposing the eggs for from one to two minutes to sea water, to 

 which a certain amount of acetic acid or formic acid had been 

 added. When the old method alone was used the eggs did not 

 form a membrane, nor did the larvas rise to the surface. When 

 the acid treatment alone was used, the eggs formed a membrane 

 and after about six hours divided into from two to six cells, but 

 then died. When the eggs were exposed to the acid for only a 

 short time, e. g. % for three-fourths of a minute, not all the eggs 

 formed a membrane when put back into normal sea water ; and in 

 this case only those divided into two or four cells and subsequently 

 died within 20 hours, which had formed a membrane, while those 

 eggs which had not been exposed long enough to the acid to form 

 a membrane neither segmented nor died. If both methods of 

 treatment were combined, however, those eggs which had formed 

 a membrane developed at about the same rate as the eggs fertilized 



