Scientific Proceedings. 



43 



line," (b) normal blood serum, (c) " normal saline," (d) serum 

 before crisis, (e) "normal saline," (/) serum after crisis. In this 

 manner, after considerable preliminary experimentation, very char- 

 acteristic tracings were obtained. 



Two cases of lobar pneumonia and one case of bronchopneu- 

 monia have thus far been studied. The tracings obtained were 

 demonstrated, and it appeared from them that the serum in pneu- 

 monia before the crisis, at least in the cases tested, acted upon the 

 heart of the turtle as a most violent poison. The contractions at 

 once became extremely weak and slow, and the pauses very long. 

 The serum taken after the crisis gave tracings not very materially 

 different from those obtained with normal serum. 

 42. " The influence of alcohol on biliary secretion " : WILLIAM 



SALANT. 



In the author's experiments, fasting or well-fed dogs were the 

 subjects. Operation and collection were conducted in the usual 

 manner. Ether narcosis was employed in every instance without 

 previous injection of morphin. The rate of secretion was studied 

 by comparing the amounts collected during periods of 1 5 minutes. 

 The rate of secretion during the first four or five periods was used 

 as a control, at the end of which time alcohol was injected by 

 means of a burette into the femoral vein. Varying strengths of 

 alcohol were used — 4}£fo, 30^, and 60J0. The quantities admin- 

 istered were usually about 4 c.c. per kilo of body-weight. 



After the injection of alcohol, it was found in all cases that 

 the secretion of bile continued to diminish, the diminution in the 

 rate of secretion being, however, somewhat greater than in the two 

 or three control periods immediately preceding the administration 

 of alcohol. Since the much larger quantity of bile of the first and 

 second periods probably represents bile that has been held back 

 during the operation, it could not be considered as a control. 

 The author, therefore, regarded as a control the rate of secretion 

 during the following two or three periods. Whether this slightly 

 diminished secretion is to be ascribed to the influence of alcohol 

 can only be decided by further comparisons of the rate of secretion 

 in alcoholized and normal animals. Thus, in three dogs without 

 alcohol the rate of secretion corresponding to the alcohol periods 

 was as follows : In the first, a decline during the fourth, fifth, and 



