282 



Society Proceedings (122). 



renals were enlarged, and most enlarged in the middle of the 

 ovulation period. The diseased birds fail to show this relation; 

 and, though these glands are larger than the normals in the periods 

 most removed from ovulation, they do not show a comparable en- 

 largement during ovulation. 



The appearance of the hypertrophied glands in the normal 

 birds is otherwise wholly normal. Their appearance certainly 

 suggests an increased activity of the glands during this period. 

 Sections of the gland have not been made and we do not know 

 whether both parts share in the hypertrophy. If increased secre- 

 tion occurs, it doubtless has an important bearing upon the gen- 

 eral physiology of the gland; and upon the effects which "repro- 

 ductive overwork" (Whitman, Riddle) has been found to produce 

 on the egg size and offspring of pigeons; for, a bird made to produce 

 as many as 30 or 40 pairs of eggs per year would thus be almost 

 continuously subjected to a hypersecretion of the suprarenals. 



123 (1870) 



Studies in the physiology of vitamins. III. A comparison of the 

 effects of feeding extracts of muscle and yeast respectively. 



By GEORGE R. COWGILL. 



[From the Sheffield Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry in Yale 

 University, New Haven, Conn.] 



In a previous communication 1 experiments were reported 

 wherein it was shown that the feeding of extracts of rice polishings, 

 wheat embryo, and navy bean to dogs which had been fed on a 

 diet lacking vitamin-B resulted in a recovery of appetite which 

 lasted for varying periods. Vitamin-B was suggested as the 

 appetite-promoting factor in the preparations used. The present 

 report concerns control experiments in which an extract lacking 

 this factor was tested. 



Commercial Liebig's extract of beef muscle and the extract 

 of yeast vitamin as prepared by the Harris Laboratories were 

 used for these experiments. Tests were made using the Liebig 



1 Cowgill, Proceedings Soc. Exp. Biol, and Med., 1921, xviii, 290-291. 



