320 



Scientific Proceedings (123). 



5. It is generally believed that cinnamic acid by a preliminary 

 process of reduction is first converted by the animal body into 

 phenyl-propionic acid, then by subsequent oxidation into ben- 

 zoic acid. This type of reaction is apparently employed by the 

 fowl for the detoxication of cinnamic acid, for we isolated some- 

 what more than 0.5 gm. benzoyl ornithine from the excreta after 

 feeding a hen 3 gms. of cinnamic acid. 



6. Nitro benzene when fed to animals is extremely toxic, but 

 is detoxicated to some extent by a simultaneous oxidation and 

 reduction through which it is converted into para-amino phenol. 

 We fed 0.5 gm. nitro benzol to a hen. The chicken died at the 

 end of 12 to 14 hours, but qualitative tests were obtained for para 

 amino phenol in the excreta. 



Meta-amino benzoic acid undergoes two different kinds of re- 

 actions in the animal body. When fed to dogs it is detoxicated 

 to some extent by being joined with glycocoll to form meta-amino 

 hippuric acid. When fed to rabbits, however, it is largely detoxi- 

 cated by undergoing combination with urea to form a meta-ura- 

 mino benzoic acid. When fed to fowls the acid seems to undergo 

 a process of acetylation whereby acetic acid is joined onto the 

 amino group of the acid with the splitting out of water resulting 

 in the formation of meta-acetyl-amino benzoic acid. 



We fed 4.5 gms. meta-amino benzoic acid to a chicken and 

 recovered 1.8 gms. meta-acetyl-amino benzoic acid. 



147 (1894) 



Merogony experiments on sea-urchin eggs. 



By ROBERT CHAMBERS and HIROSHE OHSHIMA. 



[From the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass.] 



By merogony in the broader sense is meant the fertilization 

 and development of egg fragments whether nucleated or not. 



By means of the more accurate method of using a mechanical 

 apparatus for microdissection an attempt was made to repeat the 

 work of earlier investigators (O. and R. Hertwig, Boveri, Driesch, 

 Morgan, Loeb, Wilson and others) especially for the purpose of 

 cross-fertilizing egg fragments of the sea-urchin and sand dollar. 



