Effects of Extirpation of the Salivary Glands. 41 



there could be free HCl. The extract was injected at 3.20 on 

 April 10; at 3.25 P. M. the gastric juice was drawn by cathe- 

 terization (8.8 c.c, specimen C). No free HCl was in it, but six 

 minutes after the injection of salivary extract the dog was shown 

 meat, and ten minutes after that there was a fourth catheterization 

 (the fourth in 30 minutes). This 5.3 c.c. was active juice and 

 Loevenhart and Hooker attribute it to psychic secretion. 



Considering the latent period of secretion and the time for neu- 

 tralization by mucus, it is reasonable to inquire whether or not the 

 injection of extract had a feeble but delayed influence, although 

 Loevenhart and Hooker used only submaxillary extract and not 

 that of all four pairs of glands, and did not prepare it in the man- 

 ner I did. 



Concerning the inflammation (gastritis) in the stomachs of their 

 dogs, I can very readily appreciate the difficulty, for I had been 

 thwarted and misled by diseased canine stomachs for almost a 

 year before we gradually learned to recognize, avoid and treat 

 them. 



Evidences like these, naturally suggest that such experiments 

 cannot be successfully carried out in a few months. I was not 

 aware of Dr. Loevenhart's criticism, until November 14, 1908. 

 That there are salivary extracts that have no peptogenic effects 

 whatever, and others that are variable, I have already stated in my 

 article in the Biochemische Zeitschr., Vol. xi, p. 25 I (" Verschieden- 

 heiten in d. peptogenen Kraft d. Speicheldriisen Extrakten"). 



Then again, the complexity of the mechanism of gastric secre- 

 tion in dogs is such {Biochent. Zeitschr., I. c, p. 253) that the ini- 

 tial depression caused by extirpation of the salivary glands prob- 

 ably may be gradually replaced by special efforts of the remaining 

 sources of stimulation to the gastric glandular apparatus. 



This problem is far too deep and complicated to have years of 

 laborious experimentation set aside by a casual testing of two sick 

 dogs, as to whether a saline extract of the inactive submaxillary 

 gland alone can cause a secretion of gastric juice in animals not 

 deprived of their salivary glands. 



That there may be defects in my work I am willing to accept 

 as a possibility, because a general knowledge of the history of 

 physiology reveals the status that the first results of similar ex- 



