10 



HAYDEN : GEOLOGY OF NORTHERN AFGHANISTAN. 



(c) metamorphic strata, with graphitic layers ; 

 (b) phyllites and schists; 

 (a) gneissic series. 

 I have not heen able to carry this classification |of the rocks to the 

 west of the Indian frontier. Mr. Griesbach appears to have regarded his 

 divisions (a) to (d) as the equivalents of the rocks of tbe Siah Koh 

 to the west of Jalalabad, which appear to be the oldest in Afghanistan. 



I have divided the rocks of the areas that I was able to visit into 

 the following series : — 



Upper Tertiary (? Siwalikj. 

 Unconformity. 

 ? Middle Tertiary of Ghorband. 

 Unconformity. 

 Lower Tertiary (? eocene) of Saighan and Kahmard. 

 Cretaceous limestone and shales. 

 Unconformity. 

 Red Grit series. 

 Saighan series. 

 ? Unconformity. 

 Doab Volcanic series. 

 Unconformity. 



Khingil series of Eastern Fusulina limestone in Northern 

 Afghanistan. Afghanistan. 



Helmand series. 

 Hajigak Limestone and Hematite. 

 Kalu series. 



Metamorphic and Crystalline rocks of Kabul and the Siah Koh. 



Of these subdivisions the Khingil series is confined, so far as we 

 know, to Eastern Afghanistan and does not extend up to the Hindu 

 Kush, at any rate west of Kohistan. It may possibly extend into that 



