MEMOIRS 



OF 



THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. 



THE GEOLOGY OF NORTHERN AFGHANISTAN : BY 

 H. H. HAYDEN, Director, Geological Survey of India. 



I._INTRODUCTORY. 



Nearly a quarter of a century ago, Mr. C. L. Griesbach spoke of 

 Afghanistan (ll, 1 94) as being " geologically still a terra incognita "; 

 this description holds good almost equally at the present day. What 

 little we know of Afghan geology is due chiefly to Mr. Griesbach's own 

 work in that country between the years 1880 and 1888, the scientific 

 results of which were published in the Records of the Geological 

 Survey of India, Vols. XVIII, XIX, XX, and XXV. Since then 

 nothing has been published on the subject, and the small amount of 

 purely scientific work that I was able to do, during a short tour under- 

 taken primarily for the investigation of economic questions, has tended 

 to confirm, on the whole, and to some extent to amplify Mr. Griesbach's 

 conclusions. 



1 The numerals printed in heavy type refer to the papers included in the biblio- 

 graphy on pp. 28 to 84. The other numerals refer to the page of the work quoted. 



B 



